An Experimental Characterization of Combined RowHammer and RowPress Read Disturbance in Modern DRAM Chips
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.13080v2
- Date: Sat, 22 Jun 2024 01:36:56 GMT
- Title: An Experimental Characterization of Combined RowHammer and RowPress Read Disturbance in Modern DRAM Chips
- Authors: Haocong Luo, Ismail Emir Yüksel, Ataberk Olgun, A. Giray Yağlıkçı, Mohammad Sadrosadati, Onur Mutlu,
- Abstract summary: We characterize a pattern that combines RowHammer and RowPress in 84 real DDR4 DRAM chips from all three major DRAM manufacturers.
Our results show that this combined RowHammer and RowPress pattern takes significantly smaller amount of time (up to 46.1% faster) to induce the first bitflip compared to the state-of-the-art RowPress pattern.
Based on our results, we provide a key hypothesis that the read disturbance effect caused by RowPress from one of the two aggressor rows in a double-sided pattern is much more significant than the other.
- Score: 7.430668228518989
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: DRAM read disturbance can break memory isolation, a fundamental property to ensure system robustness (i.e., reliability, security, safety). RowHammer and RowPress are two different DRAM read disturbance phenomena. RowHammer induces bitflips in physically adjacent victim DRAM rows by repeatedly opening and closing an aggressor DRAM row, while RowPress induces bitflips by keeping an aggressor DRAM row open for a long period of time. In this study, we characterize a DRAM access pattern that combines RowHammer and RowPress in 84 real DDR4 DRAM chips from all three major DRAM manufacturers. Our key results show that 1) this combined RowHammer and RowPress pattern takes significantly smaller amount of time (up to 46.1% faster) to induce the first bitflip compared to the state-of-the-art RowPress pattern, and 2) at the minimum aggressor row activation count to induce at least one bitflip, the bits that flip are different across RowHammer, RowPress, and the combined patterns. Based on our results, we provide a key hypothesis that the read disturbance effect caused by RowPress from one of the two aggressor rows in a double-sided pattern is much more significant than the other.
Related papers
- Variable Read Disturbance: An Experimental Analysis of Temporal Variation in DRAM Read Disturbance [7.383763251374371]
State-of-the-art read disturbance mitigations rely on accurate and exhaustive characterization of the read disturbance threshold (RDT)
We experimentally demonstrate for the first time that the RDT of a DRAM row significantly and unpredictably changes over time.
We discuss and evaluate using a guardband for RDT and error-correcting codes for mitigating read disturbance bitflips in the presence of RDTs that change unpredictably over time.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2025-02-18T17:22:42Z) - Next Block Prediction: Video Generation via Semi-Autoregressive Modeling [92.60177942930946]
Next-Block Prediction (NBP) is a semi-autoregressive (semi-AR) framework for video generation.
NBP employs bidirectional attention within each block, enabling tokens to capture more robust spatial dependencies.
Our model achieves FVD scores of 103.3 on UCF101 and 25.5 on K600, outperforming the vanilla NTP model by an average of 4.4.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2025-02-11T17:57:53Z) - BiMaCoSR: Binary One-Step Diffusion Model Leveraging Flexible Matrix Compression for Real Super-Resolution [63.777210548110425]
We propose BiMaCoSR, which combines binarization and one-step distillation to obtain extreme compression and acceleration.
BiMaCoSR achieves a 23.8x compression ratio and a 27.4x speedup ratio compared to FP counterpart.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2025-02-01T06:34:55Z) - RowPress Vulnerability in Modern DRAM Chips [7.046976177695823]
We demonstrate RowPress, a DRAM read disturbance phenomenon different from the well-known RowHammer.
We experimentally characterize RowPress bitflips, showing their widespread existence in commodity off-the-shelf DDR4 DRAM chips.
We propose effective mitigation techniques that protect DRAM against both RowHammer and RowPress.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-06-23T16:26:35Z) - MADTP: Multimodal Alignment-Guided Dynamic Token Pruning for
Accelerating Vision-Language Transformer [66.71930982549028]
Vision-Language Transformers (VLTs) have shown great success recently, but are accompanied by heavy computation costs.
We propose a novel framework named Multimodal Alignment-Guided Dynamic Token Pruning (MADTP) for accelerating various VLTs.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-03-05T14:13:50Z) - HiRE: High Recall Approximate Top-$k$ Estimation for Efficient LLM
Inference [68.59839755875252]
HiRE comprises of two novel components: (i) a compression scheme to cheaply predict top-$k$ rows/columns with high recall, followed by full computation restricted to the predicted subset, and (ii) DA-TOP-$k$: an efficient multi-device approximate top-$k$ operator.
We demonstrate that on a one billion parameter model, HiRE applied to both the softmax as well as feedforward layers, achieves almost matching pretraining and downstream accuracy, and speeds up inference latency by $1.47times$ on a single TPUv5e device.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-02-14T18:04:36Z) - Read Disturbance in High Bandwidth Memory: A Detailed Experimental Study on HBM2 DRAM Chips [6.501197729222095]
We experimentally demonstrate the effects of read disturbance (RowHammer and RowPress) and uncover the inner workings of undocumented read disturbance defense mechanisms in High Bandwidth Memory (HBM)
Detailed characterization of six real2 DRAM chips in two different FPGA boards shows that the read disturbance vulnerability significantly varies between different2 chips.
We describe how our findings could be leveraged to develop more powerful read disturbance attacks and more efficient defense mechanisms.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-10-23T08:01:48Z) - RowPress: Amplifying Read Disturbance in Modern DRAM Chips [7.046976177695823]
RowPress breaks memory isolation by keeping a DRAM row open for a long period of time.
In extreme cases, RowPress induces bitflips in a DRAM row when an adjacent row is activated only once.
Our detailed characterization of 164 real DDR4 DRAM chips shows that RowPress affects chips from all three major DRAM manufacturers.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-06-29T16:09:56Z) - SpyHammer: Understanding and Exploiting RowHammer under Fine-Grained Temperature Variations [19.476638732094447]
We show that RowHammer is very sensitive to temperature variations, even if the variations are very small.
We propose a new RowHammer attack, called SpyHammer, that spies on the temperature of DRAM on critical systems.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-10-08T18:31:58Z) - FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with
IO-Awareness [80.3586155104237]
FlashAttention is an IO-aware exact attention algorithm for Transformers.
It reduces the number of memory reads/writes between GPU high bandwidth memory (HBM) and GPU on-chip.
FlashAttention and block-sparse FlashAttention enable longer context in Transformers.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-05-27T17:53:09Z) - Dual-Flattening Transformers through Decomposed Row and Column Queries
for Semantic Segmentation [50.321277476317974]
We propose a Dual-Flattening Transformer (DFlatFormer) to enable high-resolution output.
Experiments on ADE20K and Cityscapes datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed dual-flattening transformer architecture.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-01-22T22:38:15Z)
This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.
This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.