RowPress Vulnerability in Modern DRAM Chips
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2406.16153v2
- Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2024 22:02:11 GMT
- Title: RowPress Vulnerability in Modern DRAM Chips
- Authors: Haocong Luo, Ataberk Olgun, A. Giray Yağlıkçı, Yahya Can Tuğrul, Steve Rhyner, Meryem Banu Cavlak, Joël Lindegger, Mohammad Sadrosadati, Onur Mutlu,
- Abstract summary: We demonstrate RowPress, a DRAM read disturbance phenomenon different from the well-known RowHammer.
We experimentally characterize RowPress bitflips, showing their widespread existence in commodity off-the-shelf DDR4 DRAM chips.
We propose effective mitigation techniques that protect DRAM against both RowHammer and RowPress.
- Score: 7.046976177695823
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Memory isolation is a critical property for system reliability, security, and safety. We demonstrate RowPress, a DRAM read disturbance phenomenon different from the well-known RowHammer. RowPress induces bitflips by keeping a DRAM row open for a long period of time instead of repeatedly opening and closing the row. We experimentally characterize RowPress bitflips, showing their widespread existence in commodity off-the-shelf DDR4 DRAM chips. We demonstrate RowPress bitflips in a real system that already has RowHammer protection, and propose effective mitigation techniques that protect DRAM against both RowHammer and RowPress.
Related papers
- Understanding RowHammer Under Reduced Refresh Latency: Experimental Analysis of Real DRAM Chips and Implications on Future Solutions [6.157443107603247]
RowHammer is a read disturbance mechanism in DRAM where repeatedly accessing (hammering) a row of DRAM cells (DRAM row) induces bitflips in physically nearby DRAM rows (victim rows)
With newer DRAM chip generations, these mechanisms perform preventive refresh more aggressively and cause larger performance, energy, or area overheads.
We present the first rigorous experimental study on the interactions between refresh latency and RowHammer characteristics in real DRAM chips.
Our results show that Partial Charge Restoration for Aggressive Mitigation (PaCRAM) reduces the performance and energy overheads induced by five state-of-the-art RowHammer mitigation mechanisms with
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2025-02-17T12:39:03Z) - Layer-Level Self-Exposure and Patch: Affirmative Token Mitigation for Jailbreak Attack Defense [55.77152277982117]
We introduce Layer-AdvPatcher, a methodology designed to defend against jailbreak attacks.
We use an unlearning strategy to patch specific layers within large language models through self-augmented datasets.
Our framework reduces the harmfulness and attack success rate of jailbreak attacks.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2025-01-05T19:06:03Z) - Jailbreak Attacks and Defenses against Multimodal Generative Models: A Survey [50.031628043029244]
Multimodal generative models are susceptible to jailbreak attacks, which can bypass built-in safety mechanisms and induce the production of potentially harmful content.
We present a detailed taxonomy of attack methods, defense mechanisms, and evaluation frameworks specific to multimodal generative models.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-11-14T07:51:51Z) - Deciphering the Chaos: Enhancing Jailbreak Attacks via Adversarial Prompt Translation [71.92055093709924]
We propose a novel method that "translates" garbled adversarial prompts into coherent and human-readable natural language adversarial prompts.
It also offers a new approach to discovering effective designs for jailbreak prompts, advancing the understanding of jailbreak attacks.
Our method achieves over 90% attack success rates against Llama-2-Chat models on AdvBench, despite their outstanding resistance to jailbreak attacks.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-10-15T06:31:04Z) - Preventing Rowhammer Exploits via Low-Cost Domain-Aware Memory Allocation [46.268703252557316]
Rowhammer is a hardware security vulnerability at the heart of every system with modern DRAM-based memory.
C Citadel is a new memory allocator design that prevents Rowhammer-initiated security exploits.
C Citadel supports thousands of security domains at a modest 7.4% average memory overhead and no performance loss.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-09-23T18:41:14Z) - ImPress: Securing DRAM Against Data-Disturbance Errors via Implicit Row-Press Mitigation [1.3921736520874155]
DRAM cells are susceptible to Data-Disturbance Errors (DDE)
Rowhammer is a well-known DDE vulnerability that occurs when a row is repeatedly activated.
Row-Press (RP) is a new DDE vulnerability that occurs when a row is kept open for a long time.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-07-22T19:20:14Z) - An Experimental Characterization of Combined RowHammer and RowPress Read Disturbance in Modern DRAM Chips [7.430668228518989]
We characterize a pattern that combines RowHammer and RowPress in 84 real DDR4 DRAM chips from all three major DRAM manufacturers.
Our results show that this combined RowHammer and RowPress pattern takes significantly smaller amount of time (up to 46.1% faster) to induce the first bitflip compared to the state-of-the-art RowPress pattern.
Based on our results, we provide a key hypothesis that the read disturbance effect caused by RowPress from one of the two aggressor rows in a double-sided pattern is much more significant than the other.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-06-18T21:57:45Z) - RelayAttention for Efficient Large Language Model Serving with Long System Prompts [59.50256661158862]
This paper aims to improve the efficiency of LLM services that involve long system prompts.
handling these system prompts requires heavily redundant memory accesses in existing causal attention algorithms.
We propose RelayAttention, an attention algorithm that allows reading hidden states from DRAM exactly once for a batch of input tokens.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-02-22T18:58:28Z) - Jailbreaking GPT-4V via Self-Adversarial Attacks with System Prompts [64.60375604495883]
We discover a system prompt leakage vulnerability in GPT-4V.
By employing GPT-4 as a red teaming tool against itself, we aim to search for potential jailbreak prompts leveraging stolen system prompts.
We also evaluate the effect of modifying system prompts to defend against jailbreaking attacks.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-11-15T17:17:39Z) - Read Disturbance in High Bandwidth Memory: A Detailed Experimental Study on HBM2 DRAM Chips [6.501197729222095]
We experimentally demonstrate the effects of read disturbance (RowHammer and RowPress) and uncover the inner workings of undocumented read disturbance defense mechanisms in High Bandwidth Memory (HBM)
Detailed characterization of six real2 DRAM chips in two different FPGA boards shows that the read disturbance vulnerability significantly varies between different2 chips.
We describe how our findings could be leveraged to develop more powerful read disturbance attacks and more efficient defense mechanisms.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-10-23T08:01:48Z) - RowPress: Amplifying Read Disturbance in Modern DRAM Chips [7.046976177695823]
RowPress breaks memory isolation by keeping a DRAM row open for a long period of time.
In extreme cases, RowPress induces bitflips in a DRAM row when an adjacent row is activated only once.
Our detailed characterization of 164 real DDR4 DRAM chips shows that RowPress affects chips from all three major DRAM manufacturers.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-06-29T16:09:56Z)
This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.
This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.