Entanglement Transition due to particle losses in a monitored fermionic chain

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2408.03700v1
• Date: Wed, 7 Aug 2024 11:30:09 GMT
• Title: Entanglement Transition due to particle losses in a monitored fermionic chain
• Authors: Rafael D. Soares, Youenn Le Gal, Marco Schirò,
• Abstract summary: We study the dynamics of the entanglement entropy under quantum jumps that induce local particle losses in a model of free fermions hopping. We show that by tuning the system parameters, a measurement-induced entanglement transition occurs where the entanglement entropy scaling changes from logarithmic to area-law.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Recently, there has been interest in the dynamics of monitored quantum systems using linear jump operators related to the creation or annihilation of particles. Here we study the dynamics of the entanglement entropy under quantum jumps that induce local particle losses in a model of free fermions with hopping and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ pairing. We explore the different steady-state entanglement regimes by interpolating between monitored free fermions with U(1) symmetry and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ fermions. In the absence of pairing, the U(1) symmetric model approaches the vacuum at long times, with the entanglement entropy showing non-monotonic behavior over time that we capture with a phenomenological quasiparticle ansatz. In this regime, quantum jumps play a key role, and we highlight this by exactly computing their waiting-time distribution. On the other hand, the interplay between losses and pairing in the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ case gives rise to quantum trajectories with entangled steady-states. We show that by tuning the several system parameters, a measurement-induced entanglement transition occurs where the entanglement entropy scaling changes from logarithmic to area-law. We compare this transition with the one derived in the no-click limit and observe qualitative agreement in most of the phase diagram. Furthermore, the statistics of entanglement gain and loss are analyzed to better understand the impact of the linear jump operators.

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