Related papers: Spontaneous polarized phase transitions and symmetry breaking of an ultracold atomic ensemble in a Raman-assisted cavity

Spontaneous polarized phase transitions and symmetry breaking of an ultracold atomic ensemble in a Raman-assisted cavity

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2408.10121v1
Date: Mon, 19 Aug 2024 16:10:47 GMT
Title: Spontaneous polarized phase transitions and symmetry breaking of an ultracold atomic ensemble in a Raman-assisted cavity
Authors: Jinling Lian, Ran Huang, Chao Gao, Lixian Yu, Qi-Feng Liang, Wu-Ming Liu,
Abstract summary: We investigate an ensemble consisting of $N$ four-level atoms within an optical cavity coupled to the single cavity mode and external laser fields. Some novel phases characterized by the phase differences between the polarized cavity field or the atomic spin excitation and the Raman laser are found analytically. It is found that besides the continuous $U(1)$ and discrete $mathbbZ$ symmetries, the system also exhibits two reflection symmetries $sigma_v$s, a central symmetry $C$ in the abstract position-momentum representation, and a discrete reflection-time symmetry
Score: 9.354561963143967
License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Abstract: We investigate the ground-state properties and quantum phase transitions of an ensemble consisting of $N$ four-level atoms within an optical cavity coupled to the single cavity mode and external laser fields. The system is described by an extended imbalanced Dicke model, in which the co- and counterrotating coupling terms are allowed to have different coupling strengths. Some novel polarized phases characterized by the phase differences between the cavity field or the atomic spin excitation and the Raman laser are found analytically. Meanwhile, the full phase diagram and quantum phase transitions are also revealed. Finally, the breaking or restoration of the intrinsic symmetry in this system is addressed. It is found that besides the continuous $U(1)$ and discrete $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetries, the system also exhibits two reflection symmetries $\sigma_v$s, a central symmetry $C_2$ in the abstract position-momentum representation, and a discrete reflection parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry, a parameter exchange symmetry $\mathcal{T}_\mathrm{ex}$ in the parameters space. These additional symmetries are governed by two Coxeter groups.

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