Anomalously extended Floquet prethermal lifetimes and applications to long-time quantum sensing

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2410.09028v1
• Date: Fri, 11 Oct 2024 17:46:12 GMT
• Title: Anomalously extended Floquet prethermal lifetimes and applications to long-time quantum sensing
• Authors: Kieren A. Harkins, Cooper Selco, Christian Bengs, David Marchiori, Leo Joon Il Moon, Zhuo-Rui Zhang, Aristotle Yang, Angad Singh, Emanuel Druga, Yi-Qiao Song, Ashok Ajoy,
• Abstract summary: Floquet prethermalization is observed in periodically driven quantum many-body systems. We introduce a novel quantum control method using off-resonance and short-angle excitation to significantly extend Floquet prethermal lifetimes.
• Score: 0.7169702346435727
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Floquet prethermalization is observed in periodically driven quantum many-body systems where the system avoids heating and maintains a stable, non-equilibrium state, for extended periods. Here we introduce a novel quantum control method using off-resonance and short-angle excitation to significantly extend Floquet prethermal lifetimes. This is demonstrated on randomly positioned, dipolar-coupled, 13C nuclear spins in diamond, but the methodology is broadly applicable. We achieve a lifetime $T_2'~800 s at 100 K while tracking the transition to the prethermal state quasi-continuously. This corresponds to a >533,000-fold extension over the bare spin lifetime without prethermalization, and constitutes a new record both in terms of absolute lifetime as well as the total number of Floquet pulses applied (here exceeding 7 million). Using Laplace inversion, we develop a new form of noise spectroscopy that provides insights into the origin of the lifetime extension. Finally, we demonstrate applications of these extended lifetimes in long-time, reinitialization-free quantum sensing of time-varying magnetic fields continuously for ~10 minutes at room temperature. Our work facilitates new opportunities for stabilizing driven quantum systems through Floquet control, and opens novel applications for continuously interrogated, long-time responsive quantum sensors.

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