Experimental observation of counter-intuitive features of photonic bunching

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2410.15883v1
• Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2024 11:01:44 GMT
• Title: Experimental observation of counter-intuitive features of photonic bunching
• Authors: Giovanni Rodari, Carlos Fernandes, Eugenio Caruccio, Alessia Suprano, Francesco Hoch, Taira Giordani, Gonzalo Carvacho, Riccardo Albiero, Niki Di Giano, Giacomo Corrielli, Francesco Ceccarelli, Roberto Osellame, Daniel J. Brod, Leonardo Novo, Nicolò Spagnolo, Ernesto F. Galvão, Fabio Sciarrino,
• Abstract summary: Indistinguishable bosons may counter-intuitively bunch less than classical, distinguishable particles. In this setting, we show indistinguishable photons actually minimize the probability of bunching. The observation of these counter-intuitive phenomena open news perspective in devising more efficient ways of routing photons.
• Score: 5.866338859876381
• License:
• Abstract: Bosonic bunching is a term used to describe the well-known tendency of bosons to bunch together, and which differentiates their behaviour from that of fermions or classical particles. However, in some situations perfectly indistinguishable bosons may counter-intuitively bunch less than classical, distinguishable particles. Here we report two such counter-intuitive multiphoton bunching effects observed with three photons in a three-mode balanced photonic Fourier interferometer. In this setting, we show indistinguishable photons actually minimize the probability of bunching. We also show that any non-trivial value of the three-photon collective photonic phase leads to a decreased probability of all photons ending up in the same mode, even as we increase pairwise indistinguishability. Our experiments feature engineering of partial indistinguishability scenarios using both the time and the polarization photonic degrees of freedom, and a polarization-transparent 8-mode tunable interferometer with a quantum-dot source of single photons. Besides the foundational understanding, the observation of these counter-intuitive phenomena open news perspective in devising more efficient ways of routing photons for advantage in metrology and quantum computation.

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