Clustering-induced localization of quantum walks on networks

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.04325v1
• Date: Thu, 05 Dec 2024 16:40:57 GMT
• Title: Clustering-induced localization of quantum walks on networks
• Authors: Lucas Böttcher, Mason A. Porter,
• Abstract summary: Quantum walks on networks are a paradigmatic model in quantum information theory. We show how localization emerges in highly clustered networks by attaching triangles. We then show that localization also occurs in Kleinberg small-world networks and Holme--Kim power-law cluster networks.
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• Abstract: Quantum walks on networks are a paradigmatic model in quantum information theory. Quantum-walk algorithms have been developed for various applications, including spatial-search problems, element-distinctness problems, and node centrality analysis. Unlike their classical counterparts, the evolution of quantum walks is unitary, so they do not converge to a stationary distribution. However, it is important for many applications to understand the long-time behavior of quantum walks and the impact of network structure on their evolution. In the present paper, we study the localization of quantum walks on networks. We demonstrate how localization emerges in highly clustered networks that we construct by recursively attaching triangles, and we derive an analytical expression for the long-time inverse participation ratio that depends on products of eigenvectors of the quantum-walk Hamiltonian. Building on the insights from this example, we then show that localization also occurs in Kleinberg navigable small-world networks and Holme--Kim power-law cluster networks. Our results illustrate that local clustering, which is a key structural feature of networks, can induce localization of quantum walks.

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