ST-FiT: Inductive Spatial-Temporal Forecasting with Limited Training Data

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.10912v2
• Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2024 02:29:37 GMT
• Title: ST-FiT: Inductive Spatial-Temporal Forecasting with Limited Training Data
• Authors: Zhenyu Lei, Yushun Dong, Jundong Li, Chen Chen,
• Abstract summary: In real-world applications, most nodes may not possess any available temporal data during training. We propose a principled framework named ST-FiT to handle this problem.
• Score: 59.78770412981611
• License:
• Abstract: Spatial-temporal graphs are widely used in a variety of real-world applications. Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks (STGNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool to extract meaningful insights from this data. However, in real-world applications, most nodes may not possess any available temporal data during training. For example, the pandemic dynamics of most cities on a geographical graph may not be available due to the asynchronous nature of outbreaks. Such a phenomenon disagrees with the training requirements of most existing spatial-temporal forecasting methods, which jeopardizes their effectiveness and thus blocks broader deployment. In this paper, we propose to formulate a novel problem of inductive forecasting with limited training data. In particular, given a spatial-temporal graph, we aim to learn a spatial-temporal forecasting model that can be easily generalized onto those nodes without any available temporal training data. To handle this problem, we propose a principled framework named ST-FiT. ST-FiT consists of two key learning components: temporal data augmentation and spatial graph topology learning. With such a design, ST-FiT can be used on top of any existing STGNNs to achieve superior performance on the nodes without training data. Extensive experiments verify the effectiveness of ST-FiT in multiple key perspectives.

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