Low-energy photoelectron structures for arbitrary ellipticity of a strong laser field

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11144v1
• Date: Sun, 19 Jan 2025 19:01:02 GMT
• Title: Low-energy photoelectron structures for arbitrary ellipticity of a strong laser field
• Authors: Q. Z. Lv, M. Klaiber, P. -L. He, K. Z. Hatsagortsyan, C. H. Keitel,
• Abstract summary: We show the formation of low-energy structures (LES) at any ellipticity value when the Keldysh parameter is sufficiently large. The significant modification of the recollision picture in the nonadiabatic regime, with so-called anomalous and hybrid slow recollisions, is shown to be behind the LES. Our findings elucidate subtle features of the attosecond electron dynamics in strong-field ionization at extreme conditions and indicate limitations on attosecond imaging.
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• Abstract: Previous attoclock experiments measuring the photoelectron momentum distribution (PMD) via strong-field ionization in an elliptically polarized laser field have shown anomalously large offset angles in the nonadiabatic regime with large Keldysh parameters ($\gamma$). We investigate the process theoretically in the complete range of ellipticity ($\epsilon$) and large range of $\gamma$, employing numerical solutions of time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation and nonadiabatic classical-trajectory Monte Carlo simulations matched with the under-the-barrier motion via the nonadiabatic strong field approximation. We show the formation of low-energy structures (LES) at any ellipticity value when the Keldysh parameter is sufficiently large. Three regimes of the interaction in the ($\epsilon$-$\gamma$)-space of parameters are identified via the characteristic PMD features. The significant modification of the recollision picture in the nonadiabatic regime, with so-called anomalous and hybrid slow recollisions, is shown to be behind the LES, inducing extreme nonlinear Coulomb bunching in the phase-space in the polarization plane. Our findings elucidate subtle features of the attosecond electron dynamics in strong-field ionization at extreme conditions and indicate limitations on attosecond imaging.

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