Technical note on calibrating vision-language models under covariate shift

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.07847v1
• Date: Tue, 11 Feb 2025 10:10:15 GMT
• Title: Technical note on calibrating vision-language models under covariate shift
• Authors: Behraj Khan, Rizwan Qureshi, Tahir Syed,
• Abstract summary: vision-language foundation models for low-shot vision classification have a limited ability to generalize to the target data distribution.<n>We propose textitConfidence-Calibrated Covariate Shift Correction ($C3SC$), a unified framework to mitigate both covariate shift and confidence misalignment.<n>$C3SC$ significantly improves robustness in calibration (ECE) by $5.82%$ at maximum.
• Score: 2.8470354623829577
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: Despite being a successful example of emerging capability, vision-language foundation models for low-shot vision classification have a limited ability to sufficiently generalize to the target data distribution due to sample poverty, leading to sensitivity to variations in the data. A popular mitigation strategy is finetuning over multiple datasets, but domain generalization is expensive when practiced in this manner. This work examines both covariate shift between pre-training data and the underspecified target data, and \textit{confidence misalignment}, where the model's prediction confidence amplified by the limited data availability. We propose \textit{Confidence-Calibrated Covariate Shift Correction ($C3SC$)}, a unified framework to mitigate both covariate shift and confidence misalignment. $C3SC$ leverages Fisher information penalty for covariate shift correction and confidence misalignment penalty (CMP) to lower confidence on misclassified examples. Experimental results across various vision and covariate shift datasets demonstrates that $C3SC$ significantly improves in calibration (ECE) by $5.82\%$ at maximum. $C3SC$ shows better robustness as well by showing $3.5\%$ improvement in accuracy metric on challenging covariate shift datasets, making $C3SC$ a promising solution for reliable real-world vision-language low-shot applications under distribution shift.

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