High-Rate Four Photon Subtraction from Squeezed Vacuum: Preparing Cat State for Optical Quantum Computation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.08952v1
• Date: Thu, 13 Feb 2025 04:22:22 GMT
• Title: High-Rate Four Photon Subtraction from Squeezed Vacuum: Preparing Cat State for Optical Quantum Computation
• Authors: Mamoru Endo, Takefumi Nomura, Tatsuki Sonoyama, Kazuma Takahashi, Sachiko Takasu, Daiji Fukuda, Takahiro Kashiwazaki, Asuka Inoue, Takeshi Umeki, Rajveer Nehra, Petr Marek, Radim Filip, Kan Takase, Warit Asavanant, Akira Furusawa,
• Abstract summary: Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill code is a leading candidate for logical qubits. Generation requires large-amplitude coherent state superpositions -- Schr"odinger cat states. Photon subtraction method has proven difficult to scale to multi-photon operations.
• Score: 0.39757126008428656
• License:
• Abstract: Generating logical qubits, essential for error detection and correction in quantum computation, remains a critical challenge in continuous-variable (CV) optical quantum information processing. The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code is a leading candidate for logical qubits, and its generation requires large-amplitude coherent state superpositions -- Schr\"{o}dinger cat states. However, experimentally producing these resource states has been hindered in the optical domain by technical challenges. The photon subtraction method, a standard approach for generating cat states using a squeezed vacuum and a photon number-resolving detector, has proven difficult to scale to multi-photon operations. While the amplitude of the generated cat states increases with the number of subtracted photons, limitations in the generation rate have restricted the maximum photon subtraction to $n=3$ for over a decade. In this work, we demonstrate high-rate photon subtraction of up to four photons from a squeezed vacuum with picosecond wavepackets generated by a broadband optical parametric amplifier. Using a Ti-Au superconducting-transition-edge sensor, we achieve high-speed, high-resolution photon number discrimination. The resulting states exhibit Wigner function negativity without loss correction, and their quantum coherence is verified through off-diagonal density matrix elements in CV representation. These results overcome long-standing limitations in multi-photon operations, providing a critical foundation for generating quantum resources essential for fault-tolerant quantum computing and advancing ultrafast optical quantum processors.

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