From spin to pseudospin symmetry: The origin of magic numbers in nuclear structure

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.09148v1
• Date: Sat, 12 Apr 2025 09:26:47 GMT
• Title: From spin to pseudospin symmetry: The origin of magic numbers in nuclear structure
• Authors: C. R. Ding, C. C. Wang, J. M. Yao, H. Hergert, H. Z. Liang, S. Bogner,
• Abstract summary: Magic numbers lie at the heart of nuclear structure, reflecting enhanced stability in nuclei with closed shells.<n>We investigate the evolution of shell structure with varying momentum resolution in nuclear interactions derived from chiral effective field theory.<n>We uncover a universal transition from spin symmetry to pseudospin symmetry as the resolution scale decreases, during which magic numbers emerge naturally.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Magic numbers lie at the heart of nuclear structure, reflecting enhanced stability in nuclei with closed shells. While the emergence of magic numbers beyond 20 is commonly attributed to strong spin-orbit coupling, the microscopic origin of the spin-orbit potential remains elusive, owing to its dependence on the resolution scale and renormalization scheme of nuclear forces. Here, we investigate the evolution of shell structure with varying momentum resolution in nuclear interactions derived from chiral effective field theory, using the similarity renormalization group, which provides a fundamental framework for linking different scales. We uncover a universal transition from spin symmetry to pseudospin symmetry as the resolution scale decreases, during which magic numbers emerge naturally. A similar pattern is found in calculations using relativistic one-boson-exchange potentials, underscoring the robustness of the phenomenon. This work establishes a direct connection between realistic nuclear forces with a high resolution scale and effective nuclear forces at coarse-grained scales, offering a first-principles explanation for the origin of magic numbers and pseudospin symmetry in nuclear shell structure, and new insights into the structure of exotic nuclei far from stability.

Related papers

• Predication of novel effects in rotational nuclei at high speed [0.0]
  Signature splitting, Zeeman effect-like, spin-rotation coupling, and spin current are among the potential novelties that may arise in rotating nuclei. We investigated the observability of these phenomena and their dependence on various factors such as nuclear deformation, rotational angular velocity, and strength of magnetic field.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-09-02T01:36:12Z)
• Spin-orbit torque on nuclear spins exerted by a spin accumulation via hyperfine interactions [49.1574468325115]
  This article demonstrates that the hyperfine coupling, which consists of Fermi contact and dipolar interactions, can mediate the application of spin-orbit torques acting on nuclear spins. The reactions to the equilibrium and nonequilibrium components of the spin density is a torque on the nucleus with field-like and damping-like components. This nuclear spin-orbit torque is a step toward stabilizing and controlling nuclear magnetic momenta, in magnitude and direction, and realizing nuclear spintronics.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-05-21T08:05:23Z)
• Decoherence of Nuclear Spins in the Proximity of Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond [0.0]
  Nuclear spins in solids are promising platforms for quantum information processing. We study the nuclear decoherence processes in the vicinity of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-02-07T04:58:38Z)
• Dilute neutron star matter from neural-network quantum states [58.720142291102135]
  Low-density neutron matter is characterized by the formation of Cooper pairs and the onset of superfluidity. We model this density regime by capitalizing on the expressivity of the hidden-nucleon neural-network quantum states combined with variational Monte Carlo and reconfiguration techniques.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-12-08T17:55:25Z)
• Wavelet-resolved coherence beats in the Overhauser field of a thermal nuclear spin ensemble [0.0]
  This work introduces the so-called synchrosqueezed wavelet transform, to shed light on the dipolar fluctuations of a thermal ensemble of nuclear spins in a diamond crystal structure. The dynamics can be conveniently analyzed according to zero-, single-, and double-quantum transitions.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-11-23T11:57:02Z)
• Quantum control of nuclear spin qubits in a rapidly rotating diamond [62.997667081978825]
  Nuclear spins in certain solids couple weakly to their environment, making them attractive candidates for quantum information processing and inertial sensing. We demonstrate optical nuclear spin polarization and rapid quantum control of nuclear spins in a diamond physically rotating at $1,$kHz, faster than the nuclear spin coherence time. Our work liberates a previously inaccessible degree of freedom of the NV nuclear spin, unlocking new approaches to quantum control and rotation sensing.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-07-27T03:39:36Z)
• Relativistic aspects of orbital and magnetic anisotropies in the chemical bonding and structure of lanthanide molecules [60.17174832243075]
  We study the electronic and ro-vibrational states of heavy homonuclear lanthanide Er2 and Tm2 molecules by applying state-of-the-art relativistic methods. We were able to obtain reliable spin-orbit and correlation-induced splittings between the 91 Er2 and 36 Tm2 electronic potentials dissociating to two ground-state atoms.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-07-06T15:34:00Z)
• One-directional polarization transport in electron/nuclear spin chains with loss and gain [0.0]
  We study the non-Hermitian dynamics of hybrid electron/nuclear spin systems in the simultaneous presence of electron spin pumping and spin-lattice relaxation. We show that ring-like patterns - where the limit nuclear polarization is uniform - exhibit a non-decaying, externally-driven nuclear spin current.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-06-08T13:32:34Z)
• Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath [55.41644538483948]
  Spin-bath interactions are strongly anisotropic, and rapid physical rotation has long been used in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. We show that the interaction between electron spins of nitrogen-vacancy centers and a bath of $13$C nuclear spins introduces decoherence into the system. Our findings offer new insights into the use of physical rotation for quantum control with implications for quantum systems having motional and rotational degrees of freedom that are not fixed.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-16T06:15:00Z)
• Witnessing quantum correlations in a nuclear ensemble via an electron spin qubit [0.0]
  A coherent ensemble of spins interfaced with a proxy qubit is an attractive platform to create many-body coherences. An electron spin qubit in a semiconductor quantum dot can act as such an interface to the dense nuclear spin ensemble. We demonstrate a method to probe the spin state of a nuclear ensemble that exploits its response to collective spin excitations.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-12-21T12:12:43Z)
• Entanglement and control of single quantum memories in isotopically engineered silicon carbide [89.42372489576658]
  Nuclear spins in the solid state are both a cause of decoherence and a valuable resource for spin qubits. We demonstrate control of isolated 29Si nuclear spins in silicon carbide (SiC) to create an entangled state between an optically active divacancy spin and a strongly coupled nuclear register.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-05-15T15:45:34Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.