Ψ-Arena: Interactive Assessment and Optimization of LLM-based Psychological Counselors with Tripartite Feedback

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.03293v1
• Date: Tue, 06 May 2025 08:22:51 GMT
• Title: Ψ-Arena: Interactive Assessment and Optimization of LLM-based Psychological Counselors with Tripartite Feedback
• Authors: Shijing Zhu, Zhuang Chen, Guanqun Bi, Binghang Li, Yaxi Deng, Dazhen Wan, Libiao Peng, Xiyao Xiao, Rongsheng Zhang, Tangjie Lv, Zhipeng Hu, FangFang Li, Minlie Huang,
• Abstract summary: We propose Psi-Arena, an interactive framework for comprehensive assessment and optimization of large language models (LLMs)<n>Arena features realistic arena interactions that simulate real-world counseling through multi-stage dialogues with psychologically profiled NPC clients.<n>Experiments across eight state-of-the-art LLMs show significant performance variations in different real-world scenarios and evaluation perspectives.
• Score: 51.26493826461026
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in providing scalable mental health support, while evaluating their counseling capability remains crucial to ensure both efficacy and safety. Existing evaluations are limited by the static assessment that focuses on knowledge tests, the single perspective that centers on user experience, and the open-loop framework that lacks actionable feedback. To address these issues, we propose {\Psi}-Arena, an interactive framework for comprehensive assessment and optimization of LLM-based counselors, featuring three key characteristics: (1) Realistic arena interactions that simulate real-world counseling through multi-stage dialogues with psychologically profiled NPC clients, (2) Tripartite evaluation that integrates assessments from the client, counselor, and supervisor perspectives, and (3) Closed-loop optimization that iteratively improves LLM counselors using diagnostic feedback. Experiments across eight state-of-the-art LLMs show significant performance variations in different real-world scenarios and evaluation perspectives. Moreover, reflection-based optimization results in up to a 141% improvement in counseling performance. We hope PsychoArena provides a foundational resource for advancing reliable and human-aligned LLM applications in mental healthcare.

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