Agent Context Protocols Enhance Collective Inference

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.14569v1
• Date: Tue, 20 May 2025 16:28:08 GMT
• Title: Agent Context Protocols Enhance Collective Inference
• Authors: Devansh Bhardwaj, Arjun Beniwal, Shreyas Chaudhari, Ashwin Kalyan, Tanmay Rajpurohit, Karthik R. Narasimhan, Ameet Deshpande, Vishvak Murahari,
• Abstract summary: Agent context protocols (ACPs) are a domain- and agent-agnostic family of structured protocols for agent-agent communication, coordination, and error handling.<n>ACPs combine persistent execution blueprints and standardized message schemas, enabling robust and fault-tolerant collective inference.<n>ACP-powered generalist systems reach state-of-the-art performance: 28.3 % accuracy on AssistantBench for long-horizon web assistance and best-in-class multimodal technical reports.
• Score: 25.611935537078825
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: AI agents have become increasingly adept at complex tasks such as coding, reasoning, and multimodal understanding. However, building generalist systems requires moving beyond individual agents to collective inference -- a paradigm where multi-agent systems with diverse, task-specialized agents complement one another through structured communication and collaboration. Today, coordination is usually handled with imprecise, ad-hoc natural language, which limits complex interaction and hinders interoperability with domain-specific agents. We introduce Agent context protocols (ACPs): a domain- and agent-agnostic family of structured protocols for agent-agent communication, coordination, and error handling. ACPs combine (i) persistent execution blueprints -- explicit dependency graphs that store intermediate agent outputs -- with (ii) standardized message schemas, enabling robust and fault-tolerant multi-agent collective inference. ACP-powered generalist systems reach state-of-the-art performance: 28.3 % accuracy on AssistantBench for long-horizon web assistance and best-in-class multimodal technical reports, outperforming commercial AI systems in human evaluation. ACPs are highly modular and extensible, allowing practitioners to build top-tier generalist agents quickly.

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