Statistical Localization in a Rydberg Simulator of $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18143v1
- Date: Fri, 23 May 2025 17:54:19 GMT
- Title: Statistical Localization in a Rydberg Simulator of $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory
- Authors: Prithvi Raj Datla, Luheng Zhao, Wen Wei Ho, Natalie Klco, Huanqian Loh,
- Abstract summary: We report the first experimental signatures of statistically-localized behavior using a facilitated Rydberg atom array.<n>We find that as a result of strong Hilbert space fragmentation, the expectation values of all conserved quantities remain locally distributed in typical quantum states.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Lattice gauge theories (LGTs) provide a framework for describing dynamical systems ranging from nuclei to materials. LGTs that host concatenated conservation laws can exhibit Hilbert space fragmentation, where each subspace may be labeled by a conserved quantity with nonlocal operator support. It is expected that nonlocal conservation laws will not impede thermalization locally. However, this expectation has recently been challenged by the notion of statistical localization, wherein particular motifs of microscopic configurations may remain frozen in time due to strong Hilbert space fragmentation. Here, we report the first experimental signatures of statistically-localized behavior. We realize a novel constrained LGT model using a facilitated Rydberg atom array, where atoms mediate the dynamics of electric charge clusters whose nonlocal pattern of net charges remains invariant. By experimentally reconstructing observables sampled from a temporal ensemble, we probe the spatial distribution of each conserved quantity. We find that as a result of strong Hilbert space fragmentation, the expectation values of all conserved quantities remain locally distributed in typical quantum states, even though they are described by nonlocal string-like operators. Our work opens the door to high-energy explorations of cluster dynamics and low-energy studies of strong zero modes that persist in infinite-temperature topological systems.
Related papers
- Localization transitions in quadratic systems without quantum chaos [0.0]
We study the one-dimensional Anderson and Wannier-Stark models that exhibit eigenstate transitions from localization in quasimomentum space to localization in position space.<n>We show that the transition point may exhibit an unconventional character of Janus type, i.e., some measures hint at the RMT-like universality emerging at the transition point, while others depart from it.<n>Our results hint at rich diversity of volume-law eigenstate entanglement entropies in quadratic systems that are not maximally entangled.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-10-07T14:29:32Z) - Hilbert space fragmentation at the origin of disorder-free localization in the lattice Schwinger model [0.0]
Recent works have reported the possibility of disorder-free localization in the lattice Schwinger model.<n>We perform a detailed characterization of thermalization breakdown in the Schwinger model.<n>We identify the origin of this ultraslow growth of entanglement as due to approximate Hilbert space fragmentation.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-09-12T18:00:00Z) - Probing Hilbert Space Fragmentation with Strongly Interacting Rydberg Atoms [2.321156230142032]
Hilbert space fragmentation provides a mechanism to break ergodicity in closed many-body systems.<n>We show that the Rydberg Ising model in the large detuning regime can be mapped to a generalized folded XXZ model featuring a strongly fragmented Hilbert space.<n>We also examine the role of atomic position disorders and identify a symmetry-selective many-body localization transition.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-03-20T17:53:20Z) - A non-hermitean momentum operator for the particle in a box [49.1574468325115]
We show how to construct the corresponding hermitean Hamiltonian for the infinite as well as concrete example.
The resulting Hilbert space can be decomposed into a physical and unphysical subspace.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2024-03-20T12:51:58Z) - Overlapping qubits from non-isometric maps and de Sitter tensor networks [41.94295877935867]
We show that processes in local effective theories can be spoofed with a quantum system with fewer degrees of freedom.
We highlight how approximate overlapping qubits are conceptually connected to Hilbert space dimension verification, degree-of-freedom counting in black holes and holography.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-04-05T18:08:30Z) - Entanglement and localization in long-range quadratic Lindbladians [49.1574468325115]
Signatures of localization have been observed in condensed matter and cold atomic systems.
We propose a model of one-dimensional chain of non-interacting, spinless fermions coupled to a local ensemble of baths.
We show that the steady state of the system undergoes a localization entanglement phase transition by tuning $p$ which remains stable in the presence of coherent hopping.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-03-13T12:45:25Z) - Unified theory of local quantum many-body dynamics: Eigenoperator
thermalization theorems [0.0]
We show that quantum many-body systems 'out-of-equilibrium' are always in a time-dependent equilibrium state for any natural initial state.
The work opens the possibility of designing novel out-of-equilibrium phases, with the newly identified corollary and fragmentation phase transitions being examples.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2023-01-17T18:58:20Z) - Hilbert space fragmentation and slow dynamics in particle-conserving
quantum East models [0.0]
We introduce a hitherto unexplored family of kinetically constrained models featuring a conserved particle number.
We reproduce the logarithmic dynamics observed in the quantum case using a classically simulable cellular automaton.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-10-27T16:50:27Z) - Localization in the random XXZ quantum spin chain [55.2480439325792]
We study the many-body localization (MBL) properties of the Heisenberg XXZ spin-$frac12$ chain in a random magnetic field.
We prove that the system exhibits localization in any given energy interval at the bottom of the spectrum in a nontrivial region of the parameter space.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-10-26T17:25:13Z) - Continuous percolation in a Hilbert space for a large system of qubits [58.720142291102135]
The percolation transition is defined through the appearance of the infinite cluster.
We show that the exponentially increasing dimensionality of the Hilbert space makes its covering by finite-size hyperspheres inefficient.
Our approach to the percolation transition in compact metric spaces may prove useful for its rigorous treatment in other contexts.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-10-15T13:53:21Z) - From locality to irregularity: Introducing local quenches in massive
scalar field theory [68.8204255655161]
We consider the dynamics of excited local states in massive scalar field theory in an arbitrary spacetime dimension.
We identify different regimes of their evolution depending on the values of the field mass and the quench regularization parameter.
We also investigate the local quenches in massive scalar field theory on a cylinder and show that they cause an erratic and chaotic-like evolution of observables.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-05-24T18:00:07Z) - Experimental observation of thermalization with noncommuting charges [53.122045119395594]
Noncommuting charges have emerged as a subfield at the intersection of quantum thermodynamics and quantum information.
We simulate a Heisenberg evolution using laser-induced entangling interactions and collective spin rotations.
We find that small subsystems equilibrate to near a recently predicted non-Abelian thermal state.
arXiv Detail & Related papers (2022-02-09T19:00:00Z)
This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.
This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.