Broadband photonic structures to achieve high coupling efficiencies and Purcell factors with dark and interlayer excitons in 2D materials

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19214v1
• Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2025 00:47:02 GMT
• Title: Broadband photonic structures to achieve high coupling efficiencies and Purcell factors with dark and interlayer excitons in 2D materials
• Authors: Maria Carolina Volpato, Kalebe B. Estevam, Marcelo I. Davanco, Pierre-Louis de Assis,
• Abstract summary: Horizontal slot waveguides are planar photonic structures with a guided mode which is strongly polarized in the out-of-plane direction.<n>We show through simulations that this mode can lead to coupling efficiencies $beta>80%$ and Purcell factors $F_P>10$ for some types of dark intralayer excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Horizontal slot waveguides are planar photonic structures with a guided mode which is strongly polarized in the out-of-plane direction and tightly confined in a sub-wavelength region of lower refractive index. We show through FDTD simulations that this mode can lead to coupling efficiencies $\beta>80\%$ and Purcell factors $F_P>10$ for some types of dark intralayer excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers -- more aplty named ``gray excitons'', as their out-of-plane dipole does couple to adequately polarized light -- as well as interlayer excitons in TMD heterostructures. These figures indicate a path to the strong coupling regime for gray and interlayer excitons, while bright excitons are poorly coupled to the slot mode and experience Purcell suppression for $\lambda>\SI{1}{\micro\meter}$. A significant hurdle towards strong coupling, however, is the low oscillator strengths of these two excitonic species. We use the Tavis-Cummings model to show that a horizontal-slot racetrack resonator can overcome this difficulty and reach a cooperativity $C>>1$, albeit sacrificing the broadband characteristic of waveguides.

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