A Survey on Artificial Noise for Physical Layer Security: Opportunities, Technologies, Guidelines, Advances, and Trends

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06500v2
• Date: Tue, 16 Sep 2025 04:14:57 GMT
• Title: A Survey on Artificial Noise for Physical Layer Security: Opportunities, Technologies, Guidelines, Advances, and Trends
• Authors: Hong Niu, Yue Xiao, Xia Lei, Jiangong Chen, Zhihan Xiao, Mao Li, Chau Yuen,
• Abstract summary: Artificial noise (AN) is capable of utilizing the spatial degree-of-freedom of channels to enhance the security of wireless communications.<n>This paper introduces the development, fundamentals, and backgrounds of AN.<n>We highlight a comprehensive survey of the current state of research on various AN-empowered scenarios and AN-combined technologies.
• Score: 48.34139097613317
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Due to the broadcast nature of wireless communications, physical-layer security has attracted increasing concerns from both academia and industry. Artificial noise (AN), as one of the promising physical-layer security techniques, is capable of utilizing the spatial degree-of-freedom of channels to effectively enhance the security of wireless communications. In contrast to other physicallayer security techniques, the key distinguishing feature of AN is to generate specific interfering signals according to channel characteristics, increasing the secrecy capacity by reducing the wiretap channel capacity without affecting the legitimate channel capacity. Hence, this paper provides the latest survey of AN, including its evolution, modeling, backgrounds, applications, and future trends. Initially, we introduce the development, fundamentals, and backgrounds of AN. Subsequently, we highlight a comprehensive survey of the current state of research on various AN-empowered scenarios and AN-combined technologies. Finally, we discuss some technical challenges to tackle for AN-aided wireless security in the future.

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