SP-Mamba: Spatial-Perception State Space Model for Unsupervised Medical Anomaly Detection

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19076v1
• Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2025 08:57:38 GMT
• Title: SP-Mamba: Spatial-Perception State Space Model for Unsupervised Medical Anomaly Detection
• Authors: Rui Pan, Ruiying Lu,
• Abstract summary: This study introduces SP-Mamba, a spatial-perception Mamba framework for unsupervised medical anomaly detection.<n>The window-sliding prototype learning and Circular-Hilbert scanning-based Mamba are introduced to better exploit consistent anatomical patterns.
• Score: 7.778573804475833
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Radiography imaging protocols target on specific anatomical regions, resulting in highly consistent images with recurrent structural patterns across patients. Recent advances in medical anomaly detection have demonstrated the effectiveness of CNN- and transformer-based approaches. However, CNNs exhibit limitations in capturing long-range dependencies, while transformers suffer from quadratic computational complexity. In contrast, Mamba-based models, leveraging superior long-range modeling, structural feature extraction, and linear computational efficiency, have emerged as a promising alternative. To capitalize on the inherent structural regularity of medical images, this study introduces SP-Mamba, a spatial-perception Mamba framework for unsupervised medical anomaly detection. The window-sliding prototype learning and Circular-Hilbert scanning-based Mamba are introduced to better exploit consistent anatomical patterns and leverage spatial information for medical anomaly detection. Furthermore, we excavate the concentration and contrast characteristics of anomaly maps for improving anomaly detection. Extensive experiments on three diverse medical anomaly detection benchmarks confirm the proposed method's state-of-the-art performance, validating its efficacy and robustness. The code is available at https://github.com/Ray-RuiPan/SP-Mamba.

Related papers

• Synomaly Noise and Multi-Stage Diffusion: A Novel Approach for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in Medical Images [32.99597899937902]
  Anomaly detection in medical imaging plays a crucial role in identifying pathological regions across various imaging modalities.<n>We propose a novel unsupervised anomaly detection framework based on a diffusion model that incorporates a synthetic anomaly (Synomaly) noise function and a multi-stage diffusion process.<n>We validate the proposed approach on brain MRI, liver CT, and carotid US datasets.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-11-06T15:43:51Z)
• Multiscale Latent Diffusion Model for Enhanced Feature Extraction from Medical Images [5.395912799904941]
  variations in CT scanner models and acquisition protocols introduce significant variability in the extracted radiomic features.<n> LTDiff++ is a multiscale latent diffusion model designed to enhance feature extraction in medical imaging.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-10-05T02:13:57Z)
• Dimensionality Reduction and Nearest Neighbors for Improving Out-of-Distribution Detection in Medical Image Segmentation [1.2873975765521795]
  This work applied the Mahalanobis distance (MD) post hoc to the bottleneck features of four Swin UNETR and nnU-net models that segmented the liver. Images the models failed on were detected with high performance and minimal computational load.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-08-05T18:24:48Z)
• Adapting Visual-Language Models for Generalizable Anomaly Detection in Medical Images [68.42215385041114]
  This paper introduces a novel lightweight multi-level adaptation and comparison framework to repurpose the CLIP model for medical anomaly detection. Our approach integrates multiple residual adapters into the pre-trained visual encoder, enabling a stepwise enhancement of visual features across different levels. Our experiments on medical anomaly detection benchmarks demonstrate that our method significantly surpasses current state-of-the-art models.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-03-19T09:28:19Z)
• DiAD: A Diffusion-based Framework for Multi-class Anomaly Detection [55.48770333927732]
  We propose a Difusion-based Anomaly Detection (DiAD) framework for multi-class anomaly detection. It consists of a pixel-space autoencoder, a latent-space Semantic-Guided (SG) network with a connection to the stable diffusion's denoising network, and a feature-space pre-trained feature extractor. Experiments on MVTec-AD and VisA datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-12-11T18:38:28Z)
• Guided Reconstruction with Conditioned Diffusion Models for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection in Brain MRIs [35.46541584018842]
  Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) aims to identify any anomaly as an outlier from a healthy training distribution.<n>generative models are used to learn the reconstruction of healthy brain anatomy for a given input image.<n>We propose conditioning the denoising process of diffusion models with additional information derived from a latent representation of the input image.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-12-07T11:03:42Z)
• Introducing Shape Prior Module in Diffusion Model for Medical Image Segmentation [7.7545714516743045]
  We propose an end-to-end framework called VerseDiff-UNet, which leverages the denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) Our approach integrates the diffusion model into a standard U-shaped architecture. We evaluate our method on a single dataset of spine images acquired through X-ray imaging.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-09-12T03:05:00Z)
• The role of noise in denoising models for anomaly detection in medical images [62.0532151156057]
  Pathological brain lesions exhibit diverse appearance in brain images. Unsupervised anomaly detection approaches have been proposed using only normal data for training. We show that optimization of the spatial resolution and magnitude of the noise improves the performance of different model training regimes.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-01-19T21:39:38Z)
• Self-Supervised Masked Convolutional Transformer Block for Anomaly Detection [122.4894940892536]
  We present a novel self-supervised masked convolutional transformer block (SSMCTB) that comprises the reconstruction-based functionality at a core architectural level. In this work, we extend our previous self-supervised predictive convolutional attentive block (SSPCAB) with a 3D masked convolutional layer, a transformer for channel-wise attention, as well as a novel self-supervised objective based on Huber loss.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-09-25T04:56:10Z)
• Many-to-One Distribution Learning and K-Nearest Neighbor Smoothing for Thoracic Disease Identification [83.6017225363714]
  deep learning has become the most powerful computer-aided diagnosis technology for improving disease identification performance. For chest X-ray imaging, annotating large-scale data requires professional domain knowledge and is time-consuming. In this paper, we propose many-to-one distribution learning (MODL) and K-nearest neighbor smoothing (KNNS) methods to improve a single model's disease identification performance.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-02-26T02:29:30Z)
• Improved Slice-wise Tumour Detection in Brain MRIs by Computing Dissimilarities between Latent Representations [68.8204255655161]
  Anomaly detection for Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs) can be solved with unsupervised methods. We have proposed a slice-wise semi-supervised method for tumour detection based on the computation of a dissimilarity function in the latent space of a Variational AutoEncoder. We show that by training the models on higher resolution images and by improving the quality of the reconstructions, we obtain results which are comparable with different baselines.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-07-24T14:02:09Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.