Unconventional hybrid-order topological insulators

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22666v1
• Date: Wed, 30 Jul 2025 13:24:22 GMT
• Title: Unconventional hybrid-order topological insulators
• Authors: Wei Jia, Yuping Tian, Huanhuan Yang, Xiangru Kong, Zhi-Hao Huang, Wei-Jiang Gong, Jun-Hong An,
• Abstract summary: We report a class of unconventional hybrid-order topological insulators (HyOTIs)<n>HyOTIs simultaneously host various different higher-order topological states in a single $d$-dimensional ($d$D) system.<n>Such topological states exhibit a unique bulk-boundary correspondence that is different from first-order topological states, higher-order topological states, and the coexistence of both.
• Score: 4.535793039070788
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Exploring topological matters with exotic quantum states can update the understanding of topological phases and broaden the classification of topological materials. Here, we report a class of unconventional hybrid-order topological insulators (HyOTIs), which simultaneously host various different higher-order topological states in a single $d$-dimensional ($d$D) system. Such topological states exhibit a unique bulk-boundary correspondence that is different from first-order topological states, higher-order topological states, and the coexistence of both. Remarkably, we develop a generic surface theory to precisely capture them and firstly discover a $3$D unconventional HyOTI protected by inversion symmetry, which renders both second-order (helical) and third-order (corner) topological states in one band gap and exhibits a novel bulk-edge-corner correspondence. By adjusting the parameters of the system, we also observe the nontrivial phase transitions between the inversion-symmetric HyOTI and other conventional phases. We further propose a circuit-based experimental scheme to detect these interesting results. Particularly, we demonstrate that a modified tight-binding model of bismuth can support the unconventional HyOTI, suggesting a possible route for its material realization. This work shall significantly advance the research of hybrid topological states in both theory and experiment.

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