Weak-link to tunneling regime in a 3D atomic Josephson junction

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03591v1
• Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2025 18:00:31 GMT
• Title: Weak-link to tunneling regime in a 3D atomic Josephson junction
• Authors: Vijay Pal Singh, Erik Bernhart, Marvin Röhrle, Herwig Ott, Ludwig Mathey, Luigi Amico,
• Abstract summary: We investigate the transition from weak-link transport to the tunneling Josephson regime in a 3D Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a cylindrical, tube-like trap.<n>We map out the smooth crossover between these regimes through measurements of the critical current and Josephson oscillations.
• Score: 0.25655761752240497
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We investigate the transition from weak-link transport to the tunneling Josephson regime in a three-dimensional (3D) Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a cylindrical, tube-like trap. By varying the height of a localized barrier, we map out the smooth crossover between these regimes through measurements of the critical current and Josephson oscillations. In the weak-link regime of the Josephson junction, dissipative transport is mediated by solitonic excitations in the form of vortex rings, which drive phase slips and generate a finite chemical potential difference across the junction. Increasing the barrier height suppresses these hydrodynamics excitations, yielding a tunneling-dominated Josephson regime characterized by phononic excitations. These findings elucidate the interplay between geometry, excitations, and dissipation in atomtronic weak links, and provide a quantitative framework for engineering coherent matter-wave circuits. Our results show excellent agreement with numerical simulations and analytical models.

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