The superconducting grid-states qubit

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14656v1
• Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2025 06:23:05 GMT
• Title: The superconducting grid-states qubit
• Authors: Long B. Nguyen, Hyunseong Kim, Dat T. Le, Thomas Ersevim, Sai P. Chitta, Trevor Chistolini, Christian Jünger, W. Clarke Smith, T. M. Stace, Jens Koch, David I. Santiago, Irfan Siddiqi,
• Abstract summary: We introduce a superconducting qubit whose eigenstates form protected grid states.<n>We observe that the circuit tolerates small disorders and gains robustness against environmental noise.<n>These findings set the stage for future exploration of advanced solid-state devices with emergent properties.
• Score: 0.15421613743776227
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Decoherence errors arising from noisy environments remain a central obstacle to progress in quantum computation and information processing. Quantum error correction (QEC) based on the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) protocol offers a powerful strategy to overcome this challenge, with successful demonstrations in trapped ions, superconducting circuits, and photonics. Beyond active QEC, a compelling alternative is to engineer Hamiltonians that intrinsically enforce stabilizers, offering passive protection akin to topological models. Inspired by the GKP encoding scheme, we implement a superconducting qubit whose eigenstates form protected grid states - long envisioned but not previously realized - by integrating an effective Cooper-quartet junction with a quantum phase-slip element embedded in a high-impedance circuit. Spectroscopic measurements reveal pairs of degenerate states separated by large energy gaps, in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. Remarkably, our observations indicate that the circuit tolerates small disorders and gains robustness against environmental noise as its parameters approach the ideal regime, establishing a new framework for exploring superconducting hardware. These findings also showcase the versatility of the superconducting circuit toolbox, setting the stage for future exploration of advanced solid-state devices with emergent properties.

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