BuildBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Compiling Real-World Open-Source Software

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25248v1
• Date: Sat, 27 Sep 2025 03:02:46 GMT
• Title: BuildBench: Benchmarking LLM Agents on Compiling Real-World Open-Source Software
• Authors: Zehua Zhang, Ati Priya Bajaj, Divij Handa, Siyu Liu, Arvind S Raj, Hongkai Chen, Hulin Wang, Yibo Liu, Zion Leonahenahe Basque, Souradip Nath, Vishal Juneja, Nikhil Chapre, Yan Shoshitaishvili, Adam Doupé, Chitta Baral, Ruoyu Wang,
• Abstract summary: Existing methods rely on manually curated rules and cannot adapt to OSS that requires customized configuration or environment setup.<n>Recent attempts using Large Language Models (LLMs) used selective evaluation on a subset of highly rated OSS.<n>We propose a more challenging and realistic benchmark, BUILD-BENCH, comprising OSS that are more diverse in quality, scale, and characteristics.
• Score: 39.43177863341685
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Automatically compiling open-source software (OSS) projects is a vital, labor-intensive, and complex task, which makes it a good challenge for LLM Agents. Existing methods rely on manually curated rules and workflows, which cannot adapt to OSS that requires customized configuration or environment setup. Recent attempts using Large Language Models (LLMs) used selective evaluation on a subset of highly rated OSS, a practice that underestimates the realistic challenges of OSS compilation. In practice, compilation instructions are often absent, dependencies are undocumented, and successful builds may even require patching source files or modifying build scripts. We propose a more challenging and realistic benchmark, BUILD-BENCH, comprising OSS that are more diverse in quality, scale, and characteristics. Furthermore, we propose a strong baseline LLM-based agent, OSS-BUILD-AGENT, an effective system with enhanced build instruction retrieval module that achieves state-of-the-art performance on BUILD-BENCH and is adaptable to heterogeneous OSS characteristics. We also provide detailed analysis regarding different compilation method design choices and their influence to the whole task, offering insights to guide future advances. We believe performance on BUILD-BENCH can faithfully reflect an agent's ability to tackle compilation as a complex software engineering tasks, and, as such, our benchmark will spur innovation with a significant impact on downstream applications in the fields of software development and software security.

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