Higher symmetry breaking and non-reciprocity in a driven-dissipative Dicke model

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04288v2
• Date: Sun, 12 Oct 2025 05:54:48 GMT
• Title: Higher symmetry breaking and non-reciprocity in a driven-dissipative Dicke model
• Authors: Jacquelyn Ho, Yue-Hui Lu, Tai Xiang, Tsai-Chen Lee, Zhenjie Yan, Dan M. Stamper-Kurn,
• Abstract summary: We study a variant of the Dicke model with higher-order discrete symmetry, resulting from complex-valued coupling coefficients between quantum emitters and a bosonic mode.<n>This $n$-phase Dicke model may be equivalently realized in a variety of optomechanical or opto-magnonic settings.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Higher symmetries in interacting many-body systems often give rise to new phases and unexpected dynamical behavior. Here, we theoretically investigate a variant of the Dicke model with higher-order discrete symmetry, resulting from complex-valued coupling coefficients between quantum emitters and a bosonic mode. We propose a driven-dissipative realization of this model focusing on optomechanical response of a driven atom tweezer array comprised of $n$ sub-ensembles and placed within an optical cavity, with the phase of the driving field advancing stepwise between sub-ensembles. Examining stationary points and their dynamical stability, we identify a phase diagram for $n\geq 3$ with three distinctive features: a $\mathbb{Z}_n$ ($\mathbb{Z}_{2n}$) symmetry-breaking superradiant phase for even (odd) $n$, a normal unbroken-symmetry phase that is dynamically unstable due to non-reciprocal forces between emitters, and a first-order phase transition separating these phases. This $n$-phase Dicke model may be equivalently realized in a variety of optomechanical or opto-magnonic settings, where it can serve as a testbed for studying high-order symmetry breaking and non-reciprocal interactions in open systems.

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