Carbon-Aware Orchestration of Integrated Satellite Aerial Terrestrial Networks via Digital Twin

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.17825v1
• Date: Wed, 01 Oct 2025 06:49:42 GMT
• Title: Carbon-Aware Orchestration of Integrated Satellite Aerial Terrestrial Networks via Digital Twin
• Authors: Shumaila Javaid, Nasir Saeed,
• Abstract summary: Integrated Satellite Aerial Terrestrial Networks (ISATNs) are envisioned as key enablers of 6G.<n>This work advances prior energy-aware studies by proposing a carbon-aware orchestration framework for ISATNs.
• Score: 6.097337826307388
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: Integrated Satellite Aerial Terrestrial Networks (ISATNs) are envisioned as key enablers of 6G, providing global connectivity for applications such as autonomous transportation, Industrial IoT, and disaster response. Their large-scale deployment, however, risks unsustainable energy use and carbon emissions. This work advances prior energy-aware studies by proposing a carbon-aware orchestration framework for ISATNs that leverages Digital Twin (DT) technology. The framework adopts grams of CO$_2$-equivalent per bit (gCO$_2$/bit) as a primary sustainability metric and implements a multi timescale Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) loop that combines day-ahead forecasting with real-time adaptive optimization. ISATN-specific control knobs, including carbon-aware handovers, UAV duty cycling, and renewable-aware edge placement, are exploited to reduce emissions. Simulation results with real carbon intensity data show up to 29\% lower gCO$_2$/bit than QoS-only orchestration, while improving renewable utilization and resilience under adverse events.

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