Sample-efficient quantum error mitigation via classical learning surrogates

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07092v1
• Date: Mon, 10 Nov 2025 13:29:29 GMT
• Title: Sample-efficient quantum error mitigation via classical learning surrogates
• Authors: Wei-You Liao, Ge Yan, Yujin Song, Tian-Ci Tian, Wei-Ming Zhu, De-Tao Jiang, Yuxuan Du, He-Liang Huang,
• Abstract summary: Quantum error mitigation (QEM) techniques are leading solutions to improve fidelity with relatively low qubit-overhead, while full-scale quantum error correction remains a distant goal.<n>Here we devise a surrogate-enabled ZNE, which leverages classical learning surrogates to perform ZNE entirely on the classical side.<n>Unlike conventional ZNE, whose measurement cost scales linearly with the number of circuits, S-ZNE requires only constant measurement overhead for an entire family of quantum circuits.
• Score: 11.756588304973342
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The pursuit of practical quantum utility on near-term quantum processors is critically challenged by their inherent noise. Quantum error mitigation (QEM) techniques are leading solutions to improve computation fidelity with relatively low qubit-overhead, while full-scale quantum error correction remains a distant goal. However, QEM techniques incur substantial measurement overheads, especially when applied to families of quantum circuits parameterized by classical inputs. Focusing on zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE), a widely adopted QEM technique, here we devise the surrogate-enabled ZNE (S-ZNE), which leverages classical learning surrogates to perform ZNE entirely on the classical side. Unlike conventional ZNE, whose measurement cost scales linearly with the number of circuits, S-ZNE requires only constant measurement overhead for an entire family of quantum circuits, offering superior scalability. Theoretical analysis indicates that S-ZNE achieves accuracy comparable to conventional ZNE in many practical scenarios, and numerical experiments on up to 100-qubit ground-state energy and quantum metrology tasks confirm its effectiveness. Our approach provides a template that can be effectively extended to other quantum error mitigation protocols, opening a promising path toward scalable error mitigation.

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