ATLAS: Efficient Atom Rearrangement for Defect-Free Neutral-Atom Quantum Arrays Under Transport Loss

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.16303v1
• Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2025 12:32:35 GMT
• Title: ATLAS: Efficient Atom Rearrangement for Defect-Free Neutral-Atom Quantum Arrays Under Transport Loss
• Authors: Otto Savola, Alexandru Paler,
• Abstract summary: Neutral-atom quantum computers encode qubits in individually trapped atoms arranged in optical lattices.<n>Algorithm converts a randomly loaded $W times W$ lattice into a defect-free $L times L$ subarray.<n>Algorithm achieves sublinear move scaling and linear growth of required initial size with target dimension.
• Score: 46.043413607980845
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Neutral-atom quantum computers encode qubits in individually trapped atoms arranged in optical lattices. Achieving defect-free atom configurations is essential for high-fidelity quantum gates and scalable error correction, yet stochastic loading and atom loss during rearrangement hinder reliable large-scale assembly. This work presents ATLAS, an open-source atom transport algorithm that efficiently converts a randomly loaded $W \times W$ lattice into a defect-free $L \times L$ subarray while accounting for realistic physical constraints, including finite acceleration, transfer time, and per-move loss probability. In the planning phase, optimal batches of parallel moves are computed on a lossless virtual array; during execution, these moves are replayed under probabilistic atom loss to maximize the expected number of retained atoms. Monte Carlo simulations across lattice sizes $W=10$--$100$, loading probabilities $p_{\mathrm{occ}}=0.5$--$0.9$, and loss rates $p_{\mathrm{loss}}=0$--$0.05$ demonstrate fill rates above $99\%$ within six iterations and over $90\%$ atom retention at low loss. The algorithm achieves sublinear move scaling ($\propto M^{0.55}$) and linear growth of required initial size with target dimension, outperforming prior methods in robustness and scalability -- offering a practical path toward larger neutral-atom quantum arrays.

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