Vortex-Enhanced Zitterbewegung in Relativistic Electron Wave Packets

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.21142v1
• Date: Wed, 26 Nov 2025 07:51:20 GMT
• Title: Vortex-Enhanced Zitterbewegung in Relativistic Electron Wave Packets
• Authors: Zhongze Guo, Bei Xu, Qiang Gu,
• Abstract summary: Zitterbewegung (ZBW) has long remained unobservable in free electrons due to its sub-Compton scale.<n>We elaborately construct a relativistic vortex electron wave packet as a coherent superposition of both positive- and negative-energy Dirac states.
• Score: 2.1686432495639045
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Zitterbewegung (ZBW), the trembling motion predicted by the Dirac equation, has long remained unobservable in free electrons due to its sub-Compton scale. We elaborately construct a relativistic vortex electron wave packet as a coherent superposition of both positive- and negative-energy Dirac states and derive their space-time dynamics. Our analysis demonstrates that introducing orbital angular momentum provides a mechanism for amplifying the ZBW amplitude far beyond that of conventional Gaussian packets, while maintaining coherence. The resulting relativistic vortex states unify Gaussian and Bessel-Gaussian models within a single framework and opens new possibilities for observing relativistic quantum dynamics in structured electron wave packets.

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