Related papers: Wave-Particle Complementarity as the Optimal Limit of Unambiguous Quantum-State Discrimination

Wave-Particle Complementarity as the Optimal Limit of Unambiguous Quantum-State Discrimination

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.22871v2
Date: Tue, 02 Dec 2025 13:03:57 GMT
Title: Wave-Particle Complementarity as the Optimal Limit of Unambiguous Quantum-State Discrimination
Authors: Theerthagiri L,
Abstract summary: In the low-gain Zou--Wang--Mandel interferometer, the idler modes of the two SPDC crystals act as nonorthogonal which-crystal marker states.<n>We show that the single-photon visibility equals the minimal inconclusive probability of the optimal Ivanovic--Dieks--Peres (IDP) strategy.
Score: 0.0
License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Abstract: We establish a direct operational interpretation of wave--particle complementarity in induced-coherence interferometry by linking interference visibility to the optimal performance of unambiguous quantum-state discrimination. In the low-gain Zou--Wang--Mandel interferometer, the idler modes of the two SPDC crystals act as nonorthogonal which-crystal marker states, and we show that the single-photon visibility equals the minimal inconclusive probability of the optimal Ivanovic--Dieks--Peres (IDP) strategy, $V = P_I^{\mathrm{opt}}$, so that the complementarity relation $D^{2}+V^{2}=1$ expresses a measurement-optimality boundary rather than a geometric constraint. Our results reveal that wave--particle duality in induced coherence is not limited by interferometer geometry but by measurement optimality in zero-error discrimination on the idler, with experimentally testable consequences predicting distinguishability beyond that inferred from visibility alone. In the presence of thermal noise we derive the hierarchy $V \le F(ρ_A,ρ_B) \le P_I^{\mathrm{opt}}$, linking visibility, fidelity, and optimal discrimination. These results identify distinguishability as fundamentally measurement-limited and motivate discrimination-enhanced induced-coherence imaging and sensing.

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