Towards City-Scale Quantum Timing: Wireless Synchronization via Quantum Hubs

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20827v1
• Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2025 23:02:47 GMT
• Title: Towards City-Scale Quantum Timing: Wireless Synchronization via Quantum Hubs
• Authors: Mohammad Taghi Dabiri, Mazen Hasna, Rula Ammuri, Saif Al-Kuwari, Khalid Qaraqe,
• Abstract summary: This paper presents a novel wireless quantum synchronization framework tailored for city-scale deployment.<n>A central quantum hub emits entangled photons, directing one toward a target device and the other toward a local reference unit.<n>The proposed architecture offers a low-power, infrastructure-free solution for secure timing in next-generation smart cities.
• Score: 2.3166494232465773
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: This paper presents a novel wireless quantum synchronization framework tailored for city-scale deployment using entangled photon pairs and passive corner cube retroreflector (CCR) arrays. A centralized quantum hub emits entangled photons, directing one toward a target device and the other toward a local reference unit. The target, equipped with a planar CCR array, reflects the incoming photon without active circuitry, enabling secure round-trip quantum measurements for sub-nanosecond synchronization and localization. We develop a comprehensive analytical model that captures key physical-layer phenomena, including Gaussian beam spread, spatial misalignment, atmospheric turbulence, and probabilistic photon generation. A closed-form expression is derived for the single-photon detection probability under Gamma-Gamma fading, and its distribution is used to model photon arrival events and synchronization error. Moreover, we analyze the impact of background photons, SPAD detector jitter, and quantum generation randomness on synchronization accuracy and outage probability. Simulation results confirm the accuracy of the analytical models and reveal key trade-offs among beam waist, CCR array size, and background light. The proposed architecture offers a low-power, infrastructure-free solution for secure timing in next-generation smart cities.

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