Integration and Resource Estimation of Cryoelectronics for Superconducting Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computers

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.03922v1
• Date: Wed, 07 Jan 2026 13:42:21 GMT
• Title: Integration and Resource Estimation of Cryoelectronics for Superconducting Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computers
• Authors: Shiro Kawabata,
• Abstract summary: Scaling superconducting quantum computers to the fault-tolerant regime calls for a commensurate scaling of the classical control and readout stack.<n>FTQCs will likely adopt a heterogeneous quantum-classical architecture that places selected electronics at cryogenic stages to curb wiring and thermal-load overheads.<n>This review distills key requirements, surveys representative room-temperature and cryogenic approaches, and provides a transparent first-order accounting framework for cryoelectronics.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Scaling superconducting quantum computers to the fault-tolerant regime calls for a commensurate scaling of the classical control and readout stack. Today's systems largely rely on room-temperature, rack-based instrumentation connected to dilution-refrigerator cryostats through many coaxial cables. Looking ahead, superconducting fault-tolerant quantum computers (FTQCs) will likely adopt a heterogeneous quantum-classical architecture that places selected electronics at cryogenic stages -- for example, cryo-CMOS at 4~K and superconducting digital logic at 4~K and/or mK stages -- to curb wiring and thermal-load overheads. This review distills key requirements, surveys representative room-temperature and cryogenic approaches, and provides a transparent first-order accounting framework for cryoelectronics. Using an RSA-2048-scale benchmark as a concrete reference point, we illustrate how scaling targets motivate constraints on multiplexing and stage-wise cryogenic power, and discuss implications for functional partitioning across room-temperature electronics, cryo-CMOS, and superconducting logic.

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