Temperature driven false vacuum decay in coherently coupled Bose superfluids

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03834v1
• Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2026 18:52:36 GMT
• Title: Temperature driven false vacuum decay in coherently coupled Bose superfluids
• Authors: Paniyanchatha Moolayil Sivasankar, Franco Dalfovo, Alessio Recati, Arko Roy,
• Abstract summary: We study the relaxation of a quantum field from a metastable state (false vacuum) to a stable one (true vacuum)<n>The decay rates show an exponential dependence on temperature, in line with the thermal theory of instantons.<n>Our results confirm the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (SGPE) as an effective tool for studying coupled magnetization and phase dynamics.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The relaxation of a quantum field from a metastable state (false vacuum) to a stable one (true vacuum), also known as false vacuum decay, is a fundamental problem in quantum field theory and cosmology. We study this phenomenon using a two-dimensional interacting and coherently coupled Bose-Bose mixture, a platform that has already been employed experimentally to investigate false vacuum decay in one dimension. In such a mixture, it is possible to define an effective magnetization that acts as a quantum field variable. Using the Stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation (SGPE), we prepare thermal equilibrium states in the false vacuum and extract decay rates from the magnetization dynamics. The decay rates show an exponential dependence on temperature, in line with the thermal theory of instantons. Since the SGPE is based on complex scalar fields, it also allows us to explore the behavior of the phase, which turns out to become dynamic during decay. Our results confirm the SGPE as an effective tool for studying coupled magnetization and phase dynamics and the associated instanton physics in ultracold quantum gases.

Related papers

• Observation of Temperature Effects on False Vacuum Decay in Atomic Quantum Gases [32.505127447635864]
  We measure the temperature dependence of the timescale for the false vacuum decay mechanism in an ultracold atomic quantum spin mixture.<n>Our results show that the false vacuum decay rate scales with temperature as predicted by the finite-temperature extension of the instanton theory.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-04-04T15:28:41Z)
• False vacuum decay and nucleation dynamics in neutral atom systems [0.14980193397844668]
  We study nucleation dynamics in 1D antiferromagnetic neutral atom chains with Rydberg interactions. We propose experimental protocols to prepare the required states and perform quenches on near-term neutral atom quantum simulators.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-04-18T17:39:47Z)
• Real-time dynamics of false vacuum decay [49.1574468325115]
  We investigate false vacuum decay of a relativistic scalar field in the metastable minimum of an asymmetric double-well potential. We employ the non-perturbative framework of the two-particle irreducible (2PI) quantum effective action at next-to-leading order in a large-N expansion.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-10-06T12:44:48Z)
• Monte Carlo matrix-product-state approach to the false vacuum decay in the monitored quantum Ising chain [0.0]
  We study the competition between coherent dynamics, which creates resonant bubbles of the true vacuum, and measurements which induce heating and reduce the amount of quantum correlations. The false vacuum decay and the thermalization physics are characterized in terms of the magnetization, connected correlation function, and the trajectory-resolved entanglement entropy.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-06-01T18:16:22Z)
• Observation of false vacuum decay via bubble formation in ferromagnetic superfluids [47.187609203210705]
  In quantum field theory, the decay of an extended metastable state into the real ground state is known as false vacuum decay'' Here, we observe bubble nucleation in isolated and highly controllable superfluid atomic systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-05-09T07:41:08Z)
• False vacuum decay in quantum spin chains [0.0]
  We study the non-equilibrium dynamics of the false vacuum in a quantum Ising chain and in an XXZ ladder. We find that the numerical results agree with the theoretical prediction that the decay rate is exponentially small in the inverse of the longitudinal field.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-07-21T16:01:39Z)
• Visualizing spinon Fermi surfaces with time-dependent spectroscopy [62.997667081978825]
  We propose applying time-dependent photo-emission spectroscopy, an established tool in solid state systems, in cold atom quantum simulators. We show in exact diagonalization simulations of the one-dimensional $t-J$ model that the spinons start to populate previously unoccupied states in an effective band structure. The dependence of the spectral function on the time after the pump pulse reveals collective interactions among spinons.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-27T18:00:02Z)
• Evolution of a Non-Hermitian Quantum Single-Molecule Junction at Constant Temperature [62.997667081978825]
  We present a theory for describing non-Hermitian quantum systems embedded in constant-temperature environments. We find that the combined action of probability losses and thermal fluctuations assists quantum transport through the molecular junction.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-01-21T14:33:34Z)
• The fate of the false vacuum: Finite temperature, entropy and topological phase in quantum simulations of the early universe [0.0]
  A table-top quantum simulator in the form of an engineered Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) has been proposed to give dynamical solutions of the quantum field equations. We give a numerical feasibility study of the BEC quantum simulator under realistic conditions and temperatures, with an approximate truncated Wigner (tW) phase-space method. We report the observation of false vacuum tunneling in these simulations, and the formation of multiple bubble 'universes' with distinct topological properties.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-10-16T23:30:01Z)
• Analog cosmological reheating in an ultracold Bose gas [58.720142291102135]
  We quantum-simulate the reheating-like dynamics of a generic cosmological single-field model in an ultracold Bose gas. Expanding spacetime as well as the background oscillating inflaton field are mimicked in the non-relativistic limit. The proposed experiment has the potential of exploring the evolution up to late times even beyond the weak coupling regime.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-08-05T18:00:26Z)
• Probing eigenstate thermalization in quantum simulators via fluctuation-dissipation relations [77.34726150561087]
  The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) offers a universal mechanism for the approach to equilibrium of closed quantum many-body systems. Here, we propose a theory-independent route to probe the full ETH in quantum simulators by observing the emergence of fluctuation-dissipation relations. Our work presents a theory-independent way to characterize thermalization in quantum simulators and paves the way to quantum simulate condensed matter pump-probe experiments.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-07-20T18:00:02Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.