Core-bound waves on a Gross-Pitaevskii vortex

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.05505v1
• Date: Thu, 05 Mar 2026 18:59:55 GMT
• Title: Core-bound waves on a Gross-Pitaevskii vortex
• Authors: Evan Papoutsis, Nathan Apfel, Nir Navon,
• Abstract summary: We find elusive families of core-bound excitations of the Gross-Pitaevskii vortex, varicose and fluting waves.<n>We propose a realistic spectroscopic protocol for creating and detecting the varicose wave.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We find the dispersion relations of two elusive families of core-bound excitations of the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) vortex, varicose (axisymmetric) and fluting (quadrupole) waves. For wavelengths of order the healing length, these two families -- and the well-known Kelvin wave -- possess an infinite sequence of core-bound, vortex-specific branches whose energies lie below the Bogoliubov dispersion relation. In the short-wavelength limit, these excitations can be interpreted as particles radially bound to the vortex, which acts as a waveguide. In the long-wavelength limit, the fluting waves unbind from the core, the varicose waves reduce to phonons propagating along the vortex, and the fundamental Kelvin wave is the only core-bound vortex-specific excitation. Finally, we propose a realistic spectroscopic protocol for creating and detecting the varicose wave, which we test by direct numerical simulations of the GP equation.

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