Probes of chaos over the Clifford group and approach to Haar values

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29695v1
• Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2026 12:49:34 GMT
• Title: Probes of chaos over the Clifford group and approach to Haar values
• Abstract summary: Chaotic behavior of quantum systems can be characterized by the adherence to the expectation values of given probes to moments of the Haar distribution.<n>We analyze the behavior of several probes of chaos using a technique known as Isospectral Twirling.
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• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Chaotic behavior of quantum systems can be characterized by the adherence of the expectation values of given probes to moments of the Haar distribution. In this work, we analyze the behavior of several probes of chaos using a technique known as Isospectral Twirling [1]. This consists in fixing the spectrum of the Hamiltonian and picking its eigenvectors at random. Here, we study the transition from stabilizer bases to random bases according to the Haar measure by T-doped random quantum circuits. We then compute the average value of the probes over ensembles of random spectra from Random Matrix Theory, the Gaussian Diagonal Ensemble and the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble, associated with non-chaotic and chaotic behavior respectively. We also study the behavior of such probes over the Toric Code Hamiltonian.

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