Protecting Quantum Simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories through Engineered Emergent Hierarchical Symmetries

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.11085v1
• Date: Mon, 13 Apr 2026 07:08:18 GMT
• Title: Protecting Quantum Simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories through Engineered Emergent Hierarchical Symmetries
• Abstract summary: We focus on lattice gauge theories (LGTs), which underlie a wide range of phenomena in particle physics, condensed matter, and quantum information.<n>In present-day quantum computing platforms, perfect restrictions of the Hilbert space to the desired gauge sectors are beyond reach.<n>We develop a Floquet-engineering framework that restructures departures from a target sector such that a series of emergent local symmetries occurs hierarchically in time and in a controllable way.
• Score: 1.8630850782807313
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We present a strategy for the quantum simulation of many-body lattice models with constrained Hilbert spaces. We focus on lattice gauge theories (LGTs), which underlie a wide range of phenomena in particle physics, condensed matter, and quantum information. In present-day quantum computing platforms, perfect restrictions of the Hilbert space to the desired gauge sectors are beyond reach: for LGTs, violations of the local constraint are unavoidable, posing a formidable challenge for the emulation of the underlying physics. Here, we develop a Floquet-engineering framework that restructures departures from a target sector such that a series of emergent local symmetries occurs hierarchically in time and in a controllable way. This leads to a set of approximate dynamical selection rules that strongly restrict inter-sector couplings, resulting in a pronounced, symmetry-controlled hierarchy of lifetimes for the state population to spread among sectors. Concretely, this protects $U(1)$ LGTs against violations of the {defining} local symmetry. While some sectors remain very long-lived, others are destabilized on shorter timescales. We numerically verify our theory for the one-dimensional $U(1)$ quantum link model. In addition, we reveal that `defects', whose movement accounts for violations of the gauge constraint, are kinetically constrained, becoming mobile only through the assistance of intra-sector dynamics, which we describe using an effective quantum marble model. Our results can thus be used to extend the lifetime, in the spirit of passive error correction, of quantum simulations of complex many-body problems when emergent or desired local symmetries are only implemented approximately.

Related papers

• Quantum Dynamic Time Warping for Multivariate Time Series Classification [41.99844472131922]
  We propose a hybrid Quantum Dynamic Time Warping architecture, replacing the classical distance metric with the parameterized geometry of a quantum Hilbert space.<n>We demonstrate this architecture allows untrained quantum kernels to act as highly expressive baselines, while parameterized training effectively untangles deeply overlapping hyper-dimensional data.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-06-26T07:58:37Z)
• Quantum Kicked Top: A Paradigmatic Model [0.0]
  The quantum kicked top (QKT) is one of the most widely studied models in quantum chaos.<n>We present a comprehensive introduction to the QKT as a paradigmatic model of quantum chaos.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-04-14T06:32:10Z)
• Hysteretic squashed entanglement in many-body quantum systems [42.085941481155295]
  Entanglement in many-body quantum systems is distributed across spatial regions.<n>We propose hysteretic entanglement $T_sq$, a conditional entanglement that measures the genuine quantum correlations between two subregions.<n>We show that $T_sq$ can detect genuine quantum correlations across both adjacent and long-range subsystems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-03-10T17:00:49Z)
• Hybrid quantum-classical simulations of semiclassical gravity [39.146761527401424]
  We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for the simulation of real-time dynamics in interacting quantum field theories coupled to classical fields.<n>By discretizing space and time, we construct an iterative protocol that simulates the Trotterized dynamics of the quantum fields subject to the classical fields.<n>Our work paves the way for future experiments exploring other non-tractable regimes, including non-perturbative interactions of the quantum fields.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-03-06T17:48:21Z)
• Path integral approach to quantum thermalization [39.25860941747971]
  We introduce a quasiclassical Green function approach describing the unitary yet irreversible dynamics of quantum systems.<n>We show that it is capable of describing a wide range of system classes and disorder models.<n>We present our formalism in a self-contained and pedagogical manner, aiming to provide a transferable toolbox for the first-principles description of many-body chaotic quantum systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-09-07T12:10:48Z)
• Long-time soliton dynamics via a coarse-grained space-time method [7.743463245493229]
  We extend a coarse-graining method to spacetime using a dual-mesh construction based on the Minkowski-metric.<n>We uncover long-lived bound states - "Schwinger atoms" - in which a soliton is trapped by a fixed central charge.<n>Our results also suggest the possibility of quantum simulation of relativistic quantum field theories.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-04-16T17:51:51Z)
• Symmetry-protection Zeno phase transition in monitored lattice gauge theories [0.0]
  We show the existence of a sharp transition, triggered by the measurement rate, between a protected gauge-theory regime and an irregular regime.<n>Our results shed light on the dissipative criticality of strongly-interacting, highly-constrained quantum systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-05-28T18:18:06Z)
• A Floquet-Rydberg quantum simulator for confinement in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theories [44.99833362998488]
  Recent advances in the field of quantum technologies have opened up the road for the realization of small-scale quantum simulators. We present a scalable Floquet scheme for the quantum simulation of the real-time dynamics in a $mathbbZ$ LGT. We show that an observation of gauge-invariant confinement dynamics in the Floquet-Rydberg setup is at reach of current experimental techniques.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-28T13:01:24Z)
• Chaotic fluctuations in a universal set of transmon qubit gates [37.69303106863453]
  Transmon qubits arise from the quantization of nonlinear resonators. Fast entangling gates, operating at speeds close to the so-called quantum speed limit, contain transient regimes where the dynamics indeed becomes partially chaotic for just two transmons.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-24T16:30:56Z)
• Universality of critical dynamics with finite entanglement [68.8204255655161]
  We study how low-energy dynamics of quantum systems near criticality are modified by finite entanglement. Our result establishes the precise role played by entanglement in time-dependent critical phenomena.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-01-23T19:23:54Z)
• Probing confinement in a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory on a quantum computer [0.0]
  lattice gauge theories govern charged matter and the electric gauge field. Here, we simulate confinement dynamics in a $mathbbZ$ LGT on a superconducting quantum chip. We find that tuning a term that couples only to the electric field confines the charges, a manifestation of the tight bond that the local gauge constraint generates between both.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-03-16T19:38:17Z)
• Realizing a dynamical topological phase in a trapped-ion quantum simulator [0.0]
  Nascent platforms for programmable quantum simulation offer unprecedented access to new regimes of far-from-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics. We show how to create, protect, and manipulate quantum entanglement that self-correct against large classes of errors. Our work paves the way for implementation of more complex dynamical topological orders that would enable error-resilient techniques to manipulate quantum information.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-07-20T18:00:00Z)
• The role of boundary conditions in quantum computations of scattering observables [58.720142291102135]
  Quantum computing may offer the opportunity to simulate strongly-interacting field theories, such as quantum chromodynamics, with physical time evolution. As with present-day calculations, quantum computation strategies still require the restriction to a finite system size. We quantify the volume effects for various $1+1$D Minkowski-signature quantities and show that these can be a significant source of systematic uncertainty.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-07-01T17:43:11Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.