Trapped bosons in mean field QED, nonlinear resonance cascades and dynamical BEC formation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.11756v1
• Date: Mon, 13 Apr 2026 17:29:54 GMT
• Title: Trapped bosons in mean field QED, nonlinear resonance cascades and dynamical BEC formation
• Abstract summary: We study a system of bosons trapped in a confining potential, interacting with a quantized field of coherent photons.<n>Thereby, we prove that a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) forms dynamically, under conservation of the total boson $L2$ mass.
• Score: 0.8665758002017515
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: In this paper, we study a system of bosons trapped in a confining potential, interacting with a quantized field of coherent photons in the mean field description of non-relativistic Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) obtained by [N. Leopold and P. Pickl , 2017]. We derive the effective nonlinear cascade equations governing the emission and absorption of coherent photons by the boson subsystem in a combined weak-coupling and kinetic-scaling limit. We demonstrate that solutions to this nonlinear cascade describe a monotone decreasing energy flow in the boson subsystem. Thereby, we prove that a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) forms dynamically, under conservation of the total boson $L^2$ mass. We note that this process is crucially different from thermal relaxation to the ground state, and fundamentally depends on the nonlinear nature of the cascade dynamics.

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