A Benchmark Study of Segmentation Models and Adaptation Strategies for Landslide Detection from Satellite Imagery

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.16663v1
• Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2026 19:45:38 GMT
• Title: A Benchmark Study of Segmentation Models and Adaptation Strategies for Landslide Detection from Satellite Imagery
• Abstract summary: Landslide detection from satellite imagery is a critical task for disaster response and risk assessment.<n>Relative effectiveness of modern segmentation architectures and finetuning strategies for this problem remains insufficiently understood.<n>We present a systematic benchmarking study of convolutional neural networks, transformer based segmentation models, and large pre-trained foundation models for landslide detection.
• Score: 6.439624950887985
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Landslide detection from high resolution satellite imagery is a critical task for disaster response and risk assessment, yet the relative effectiveness of modern segmentation architectures and finetuning strategies for this problem remains insufficiently understood. In this work, we present a systematic benchmarking study of convolutional neural networks, transformer based segmentation models, and large pre-trained foundation models for landslide detection. Using the Globally Distributed Coseismic Landslide Dataset (GDCLD) dataset, we evaluate representative CNN- and transformer-based segmentation models alongside large pretrained foundation models under consistent training and evaluation protocols. In addition, we compare full fine-tuning with parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, including LoRA and AdaLoRA, to assess their performance efficiency tradeoffs. Experimental results show that transformer-based models achieve strong segmentation performance, while parameter efficient finetuning reduces trainable parameters by up to 95% with comparable accuracy to full finetuning. We further analyze generalization under distribution shift by comparing validation and held-out test performance.

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