Super-Heisenberg protocol for dark matter and high-frequency gravitational wave search

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22336v1
• Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2026 08:09:07 GMT
• Title: Super-Heisenberg protocol for dark matter and high-frequency gravitational wave search
• Abstract summary: We propose a quantum-enhanced sensing scheme for wave-like dark matter and high-frequency gravitational waves using two-dimensional ion crystals in a Penning trap.<n>The protocol employs spin-motion squeezed states to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and enable a super-Heisenberg scaling.<n>We analyze the sensitivity of the protocol to representative wave-like dark matter candidates, including the axion-like particle and the dark photon.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We propose a quantum-enhanced sensing scheme for the detection of wave-like dark matter and high-frequency gravitational waves using two-dimensional ion crystals in a Penning trap. The protocol employs spin-motion squeezed states to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and enable a super-Heisenberg scaling with respect to the number of ions over a broad parameter range. We analyze the sensitivity of the protocol to representative wave-like dark matter candidates, including the axion-like particle and the dark photon, as well as to high-frequency gravitational waves, taking into account the decoherence and dephasing of the ion spins. Our results indicate that two-dimensional ion crystals and this new protocol provide a promising platform for probing previously unexplored parameter space in searches for light dark matter and high-frequency gravitational waves.

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