PRISM-SLAM: Probabilistic Ray-Grounded Inference for Scale-aware Metric SLAM

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.19257v3
• Date: Wed, 27 May 2026 00:11:32 GMT
• Title: PRISM-SLAM: Probabilistic Ray-Grounded Inference for Scale-aware Metric SLAM
• Abstract summary: PRISM-SLAM is a real-time framework that rigorously integrates VFM priors into a structured Bayesian factor graph.<n>We introduce a Plcker Ray-Distance Factor to anchor monocular observations in absolute space within a globally consistent metric coordinate system.<n>By employing a multi-process architecture that asynchronously processes VFM inference and geometric tracking, PRISM-SLAM provides verified metric output at 30 FPS using solely RGB input.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Monocular SLAM historically suffers from scale ambiguity and tracking failure in dynamic environments. While recent vision foundation models (VFMs) provide remarkable zero-shot depth priors, naively integrating these deterministic predictions ignores predictive uncertainty and frame-to-frame scale inconsistencies. We propose PRISM-SLAM, a real-time framework that rigorously integrates VFM priors into a structured Bayesian factor graph to achieve scale-aware, metric-consistent localization and mapping. Specifically, we introduce a Plücker Ray-Distance Factor to anchor monocular observations in absolute space within a globally consistent metric coordinate system, mathematically resolving scale drift by making the metric scale Fisher-identifiable. To handle environmental dynamics, we derive an epistemic uncertainty proxy from temporal depth consistency and formulate a Dynamic Scene Uncertainty Gating (DSUG) mechanism. This soft-gating approach probabilistically down-weights dynamic distractors without incurring the heavy computational overhead associated with traditional semantic segmentation masks. By employing a multi-process architecture that asynchronously processes VFM inference and geometric tracking, PRISM-SLAM provides verified metric output at 30 FPS using solely RGB input, bridging the gap between foundation models and real-world robotic applications. Evaluated on the TUM RGB-D and 7-Scenes benchmarks, PRISM-SLAM achieves a metric $SE(3)$ Absolute Trajectory Error (ATE) nearly identical to its oracle-aligned $Sim(3)$ error. This demonstrates that our system can produce deployment-ready metric trajectories by delivering robust metric SLAM solutions without any post-hoc scale correction. Project page: https://prismslam-cmd.github.io/prismslam_pr/

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