Observation of Non-Hermitian Skin Dynamics in the Liouvillian Regime

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.27043v1
• Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 13:49:36 GMT
• Title: Observation of Non-Hermitian Skin Dynamics in the Liouvillian Regime
• Abstract summary: We implement a tunable open-system quantum walk in a photonic mesh lattice.<n>We measure the center-of-mass drift over both the coherence and non-Hermiticity parameters.<n>Our results establish a controllable photonic platform for simulating open quantum dynamics.
• Score: 9.82295545393683
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Open quantum systems generally do not perfectly preserve phase coherence: coupling to uncontrolled environments requires a density-matrix description based on the Liouvillian framework beyond pure-state wave evolution. Realizing and probing such dynamics in a programmable platform is therefore essential for connecting coherent physics to realistic dissipative settings. Here we implement a tunable open-system quantum walk in a photonic mesh lattice, where controlled phase noise produces adjustable dephasing and non-reciprocal gain-loss imbalance provides an independently tunable non-Hermitian drive. This allows us to continuously interpolate between coherent quantum walks and incoherent classical walks, and to observe how directional transport evolves in the Liouvillian regime. Using non-Hermitian skin dynamics as a probe, we measure the center-of-mass drift over both the coherence and non-Hermiticity parameters, revealing a crossover from coherence-enhanced to decoherence-enhanced transport in quantitative agreement with quantum-channel simulations. We further program spatial and temporal interfaces to demonstrate interface accumulation and a long-time drift governed by the instantaneous channel. Our results establish a controllable photonic platform for simulating open quantum dynamics and show that decoherence can actively reshape non-Hermitian transport.

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