Coherent-disorder-driven complexity transitions in a quantum-advantage architecture

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.18938v1
• Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 10:21:24 GMT
• Title: Coherent-disorder-driven complexity transitions in a quantum-advantage architecture
• Abstract summary: We study a square-lattice instantaneous quantum-time architecture subject to two-qubit gate-angle disorder and single-qubit dephasing.<n>For finite systems without dephasing, increasing disorder drives two consecutive crossovers toward classical simulability.
• Score: 0.15554979526414522
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: While decoherence is known to erode classical hardness in quantum random sampling, the impact of coherent spatial disorder remains an open question. We study a square-lattice instantaneous quantum polynomial-time (IQP) architecture subject to two-qubit gate-angle disorder and single-qubit dephasing using exact tensor-network simulations up to 576 qubits. For finite systems without dephasing, increasing disorder drives two consecutive crossovers toward classical simulability: the output distribution first loses anticoncentration, and then the tensor-network simulation cost drops from exponential to polynomial as entanglement is suppressed. The finite-size scaling collapses are consistent with continuous transitions in the large-system limit. Dephasing further reduces the complexity. We characterize the computationally hard regime through scaling laws that provide quantitative error-budget bounds for realistic near-term devices.

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