DPIAgent: Divide, Protocol, Isolate for Agentic Reproduction Test Generation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.23341v1
• Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 14:51:15 GMT
• Title: DPIAgent: Divide, Protocol, Isolate for Agentic Reproduction Test Generation
• Abstract summary: DPIAgent is a structured agentic framework built on three principles.<n>It Divides the task into single-objective phases of defect exploration and test generation.<n>It enforces a handoff Protocol that records the diagnosis and test plan, preventing context loss.
• Score: 31.816679197888366
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Reproduction test generation, producing a failing-then-passing test that captures a reported bug, is a critical step in automated software engineering. Existing agentic methods treat this as a monolithic loop, despite the task inherently comprising two subtasks of distinct nature: diagnosing the root cause and writing a fail-to-pass test. Without explicit separation, the agent faces a compound objective with underspecified intermediate goals, leading to goal drift. We propose DPIAgent, a structured agentic framework built on three principles, Divide, Protocol, Isolate (DPI), that mitigates compound-objective ambiguity and goal drift: it Divides the task into single-objective phases of defect exploration and test generation; enforces a handoff Protocol that records the diagnosis and test plan, preventing context loss; and Isolates each phase's action space by tailoring the toolset to its task, preventing irrelevant tools from misleading execution. On SWT-Bench Verified, DPIAgent outperforms seven baselines across three backbone LLMs. With DPI alone it reaches 81.76% success rate on GPT-5, the highest reported among open-source methods, gaining up to 11.88 points over the strongest baseline on GPT-5-Mini; adding test selection further raises it to 86.17%. Our analysis shows that architectural structure and backbone capability are complementary axes rather than substitutes, demonstrating DPI's generalizability across model classes.

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