Assessing randomness with the aid of quantum state measurement
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.09568v1
- Date: Fri, 21 Feb 2020 22:31:37 GMT
- Title: Assessing randomness with the aid of quantum state measurement
- Authors: Mathew R. Coleman, Kaylin G. Ingalls, John T. Kavulich, Sawyer J.
Kemmerly, Nicolas C. Salinas, Efrain Venegas Ramirez, Maximilian Schlosshauer
- Abstract summary: We consider the production of random bits from polarization measurements on photons.
We prepare photons in different nonentangled and entangled states, and measure these states tomographically.
We use the information about the quantum state to determine, in terms of the min-entropy, the minimum amount of randomness produced from a given photon state by different bit-generating measurements.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Randomness is a valuable resource in science, cryptography, engineering, and
information technology. Quantum-mechanical sources of randomness are attractive
because of the indeterminism of individual quantum processes. Here we consider
the production of random bits from polarization measurements on photons. We
first present a pedagogical discussion of how the quantum randomness inherent
in such measurements is connected to quantum coherence, and how it can be
quantified in terms of the quantum state and an associated entropy value known
as min-entropy. We then explore these concepts by performing a series of
single-photon experiments that are suitable for the undergraduate laboratory.
We prepare photons in different nonentangled and entangled states, and measure
these states tomographically. We use the information about the quantum state to
determine, in terms of the min-entropy, the minimum amount of randomness
produced from a given photon state by different bit-generating measurements.
This is helpful in assessing the presence of quantum randomness and in ensuring
the quality and security of the random-bit source.
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