Preparing random states and benchmarking with many-body quantum chaos
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03535v3
- Date: Tue, 16 May 2023 05:37:59 GMT
- Title: Preparing random states and benchmarking with many-body quantum chaos
- Authors: Joonhee Choi, Adam L. Shaw, Ivaylo S. Madjarov, Xin Xie, Ran
Finkelstein, Jacob P. Covey, Jordan S. Cotler, Daniel K. Mark, Hsin-Yuan
Huang, Anant Kale, Hannes Pichler, Fernando G.S.L. Brand\~ao, Soonwon Choi,
Manuel Endres
- Abstract summary: We show how to predict and experimentally observe the emergence of random state ensembles naturally under time-independent Hamiltonian dynamics.
The observed random ensembles emerge from projective measurements and are intimately linked to universal correlations built up between subsystems of a larger quantum system.
Our work has implications for understanding randomness in quantum dynamics, and enables applications of this concept in a wider context.
- Score: 48.044162981804526
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Producing quantum states at random has become increasingly important in
modern quantum science, with applications both theoretical and practical. In
particular, ensembles of such randomly-distributed, but pure, quantum states
underly our understanding of complexity in quantum circuits and black holes,
and have been used for benchmarking quantum devices in tests of quantum
advantage. However, creating random ensembles has necessitated a high degree of
spatio-temporal control, placing such studies out of reach for a wide class of
quantum systems. Here we solve this problem by predicting and experimentally
observing the emergence of random state ensembles naturally under
time-independent Hamiltonian dynamics, which we use to implement an efficient,
widely applicable benchmarking protocol. The observed random ensembles emerge
from projective measurements and are intimately linked to universal
correlations built up between subsystems of a larger quantum system, offering
new insights into quantum thermalization. Predicated on this discovery, we
develop a fidelity estimation scheme, which we demonstrate for a Rydberg
quantum simulator with up to 25 atoms using fewer than 10^4 experimental
samples. This method has broad applicability, as we show for Hamiltonian
parameter estimation, target-state generation benchmarking, and comparison of
analog and digital quantum devices. Our work has implications for understanding
randomness in quantum dynamics, and enables applications of this concept in a
much wider context.
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