Many-Body Phases of a Planar Bose-Einstein Condensate with Cavity-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2009.06475v1
• Date: Mon, 14 Sep 2020 14:31:47 GMT
• Title: Many-Body Phases of a Planar Bose-Einstein Condensate with Cavity-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Authors: Stefan Ostermann, Helmut Ritsch and Farokh Mivehvar
• Abstract summary: We explore the many-body phases of a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with cavity-mediated spin-orbit coupling. By the help of two transverse non-interfering, counterpropagating pump lasers and a single standing-wave cavity mode, two degenerate Zeeman sub-levels of the quantum gas are Raman coupled in a double-$Lambda$-configuration. We identify three quantum phases with distinct atomic and photonic properties: the normal homogeneous'' phase, the superradiant spin-helix'' phase, and the superradiant
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We explore the many-body phases of a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with cavity-mediated dynamic spin-orbit coupling. By the help of two transverse non-interfering, counterpropagating pump lasers and a single standing-wave cavity mode, two degenerate Zeeman sub-levels of the quantum gas are Raman coupled in a double-$\Lambda$-configuration. Beyond a critical pump strength the cavity mode is populated via coherent superradiant Raman scattering from the two pump lasers, leading to the appearance of a dynamical spin-orbit coupling for the atoms. We identify three quantum phases with distinct atomic and photonic properties: the normal ``homogeneous'' phase, the superradiant ``spin-helix'' phase, and the superradiant ``supersolid spin-density-wave'' phase. The latter exhibits an emergent periodic atomic density distribution with an orthorhombic centered rectangular-lattice structure due to the interplay between the coherent photon scattering into the resonator and the collision-induced momentum coupling. The transverse lattice spacing of the emergent crystal is set by the dynamic spin-orbit coupling.

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