Super-resolved imaging of a single cold atom on a nanosecond timescale

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.10026v2
• Date: Mon, 22 Nov 2021 11:27:38 GMT
• Title: Super-resolved imaging of a single cold atom on a nanosecond timescale
• Authors: Zhong-Hua Qian, Jin-Ming Cui, Xi-Wang Luo, Yong-Xiang Zheng, Yun-Feng Huang, Ming-Zhong Ai, Ran He, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo
• Abstract summary: We demonstrate nano-scale two-second stroboscopic pictures of a single trapped ion beyond the optical diffraction limit. Our method provides a powerful tool for probing particle positions, momenta, and correlations, as well as their dynamics in cold atomic systems.
• Score: 38.305954220018315
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: In cold atomic systems, fast and high-resolution microscopy of individual atoms is crucial, since it can provide direct information on the dynamics and correlations of the system. Here, we demonstrate nanosecond-scale two-dimensional stroboscopic pictures of a single trapped ion beyond the optical diffraction limit, by combining the main idea of ground-state depletion microscopy with quantum state transition control in cold atoms. We achieve a spatial resolution up to 175~nm using an NA = 0.1 objective in the experiment, which represents a more than tenfold improvement compared with direct fluorescence imaging. To show the potential of this method, we apply it to observe the secular motion of the trapped ion, we demonstrate a temporal resolution up to 50~ns with a displacement detection sensitivity of 10~nm. Our method provides a powerful tool for probing particle positions, momenta, and correlations, as well as their dynamics in cold atomic systems.

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