Algorithmic Ethics: Formalization and Verification of Autonomous Vehicle Obligations

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.02851v1
• Date: Thu, 6 May 2021 17:41:06 GMT
• Title: Algorithmic Ethics: Formalization and Verification of Autonomous Vehicle Obligations
• Authors: Colin Shea-Blymyer and Houssam Abbas
• Abstract summary: Dominance Act Utilitarianism (DAU) is a suitable starting point for formalizing the obligations of autonomous systems like self-driving cars. We show how obligations can change over time, which is necessary for long-term autonomy.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: We develop a formal framework for automatic reasoning about the obligations of autonomous cyber-physical systems, including their social and ethical obligations. Obligations, permissions and prohibitions are distinct from a system's mission, and are a necessary part of specifying advanced, adaptive AI-equipped systems. They need a dedicated deontic logic of obligations to formalize them. Most existing deontic logics lack corresponding algorithms and system models that permit automatic verification. We demonstrate how a particular deontic logic, Dominance Act Utilitarianism (DAU), is a suitable starting point for formalizing the obligations of autonomous systems like self-driving cars. We demonstrate its usefulness by formalizing a subset of Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS) in DAU; RSS is an industrial proposal for how self-driving cars should and should not behave in traffic. We show that certain logical consequences of RSS are undesirable, indicating a need to further refine the proposal. We also demonstrate how obligations can change over time, which is necessary for long-term autonomy. We then demonstrate a model-checking algorithm for DAU formulas on weighted transition systems, and illustrate it by model-checking obligations of a self-driving car controller from the literature.

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