Thermalization of Gauge Theories from their Entanglement Spectrum

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2107.11416v2
• Date: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 12:33:28 GMT
• Title: Thermalization of Gauge Theories from their Entanglement Spectrum
• Authors: Niklas Mueller, Torsten V. Zache, Robert Ott
• Abstract summary: We study the Entanglement Structure of $mathbfZ$ lattice gauge theory in $(2+1)$ spacetime dimensions. We demonstrate Li and Haldane's conjecture, and show consistency of the Entanglement Hamiltonian with the Bisognano-Wichmann theorem.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Using dual theories embedded into a larger unphysical Hilbert space along entanglement cuts, we study the Entanglement Structure of $\mathbf{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory in $(2+1)$ spacetime dimensions. We demonstrate Li and Haldane's conjecture, and show consistency of the Entanglement Hamiltonian with the Bisognano-Wichmann theorem. Studying non-equilibrium dynamics after a quench, we provide an extensive description of thermalization in $\mathbf{Z}_2$ gauge theory which proceeds in a characteristic sequence: Maximization of the Schmidt rank and spreading of level repulsion at early times, self-similar evolution with scaling coefficients $\alpha = 0.8 \pm 0.2$ and $ \beta = 0.0 \pm 0.1$ at intermediate times, and finally thermal saturation of the von Neumann entropy.

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