Fundamental limits of quantum error mitigation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.04457v5
• Date: Thu, 22 Sep 2022 11:57:00 GMT
• Title: Fundamental limits of quantum error mitigation
• Authors: Ryuji Takagi and Suguru Endo and Shintaro Minagawa and Mile Gu
• Abstract summary: We show how error-mitigation algorithms can reduce the computation error as a function of their sampling overhead. Our results provide a means to identify when a given quantum error-mitigation strategy is optimal and when there is potential room for improvement.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The inevitable accumulation of errors in near-future quantum devices represents a key obstacle in delivering practical quantum advantages, motivating the development of various quantum error-mitigation methods. Here, we derive fundamental bounds concerning how error-mitigation algorithms can reduce the computation error as a function of their sampling overhead. Our bounds place universal performance limits on a general error-mitigation protocol class. We use them to show (1) that the sampling overhead that ensures a certain computational accuracy for mitigating local depolarizing noise in layered circuits scales exponentially with the circuit depth for general error-mitigation protocols and (2) the optimality of probabilistic error cancellation among a wide class of strategies in mitigating the local dephasing noise on an arbitrary number of qubits. Our results provide a means to identify when a given quantum error-mitigation strategy is optimal and when there is potential room for improvement.

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