Nanoscale torsional dissipation dilution for quantum experiments and precision measurement

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.08350v1
• Date: Wed, 15 Dec 2021 18:55:53 GMT
• Title: Nanoscale torsional dissipation dilution for quantum experiments and precision measurement
• Authors: Jon R. Pratt, Aman R. Agrawal, Charles A. Condos, Christian M. Pluchar, Stephan Schlamminger, and Dalziel J. Wilson
• Abstract summary: We show that torsion resonators can experience massive dissipation dilution due to nanoscale strain. We draw a connection to a century-old theory from the torsion balance community which suggests that a simple torsion ribbon is naturally soft-clamped.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We show that torsion resonators can experience massive dissipation dilution due to nanoscale strain, and draw a connection to a century-old theory from the torsion balance community which suggests that a simple torsion ribbon is naturally soft-clamped. By disrupting a commonly held belief in the nanomechanics community, our findings invite a rethinking of strategies towards quantum experiments and precision measurement with nanomechanical resonators. For example, we revisit the optical lever technique for monitoring displacement, and find that the rotation of a strained nanobeam can be resolved with an imprecision smaller than the zero-point motion of its fundamental torsional mode, without the use of a cavity or interferometric stability. We also find that a strained torsion ribbon can be mass-loaded without changing its $Q$ factor. We use this strategy to engineer a chip-scale torsion balance whose resonance frequency is sensitive to micro-$g$ fluctuations of the local gravitational field. Enabling both these advances is the fabrication of high-stress Si$_3$N$_4$ nanobeams with width-to-thickness ratios of $10^4$ and the recognition that their torsional modes have $Q$ factors scaling as their width-to-thickness ratio squared, yielding $Q$ factors as high as $10^8$ and $Q$-frequency products as high as $10^{13}$ Hz.

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