Analyzing the Rydberg-based omg architecture for $^{171}$Yb nuclear spins

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2201.04083v3
• Date: Mon, 18 Apr 2022 17:02:44 GMT
• Title: Analyzing the Rydberg-based omg architecture for $^{171}$Yb nuclear spins
• Authors: Neville Chen, Lintao Li, William Huie, Mingkun Zhao, Ian Vetter, Chris H. Greene, and Jacob P. Covey
• Abstract summary: Neutral alkaline earth(-like) atoms have been employed in atomic arrays with individual readout, control, and high-fidelity Rydberg-mediated entanglement. We study the multilevel dynamics of the nuclear spin states when driving the clock or Rydberg transition with Rabi frequency.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Neutral alkaline earth(-like) atoms have recently been employed in atomic arrays with individual readout, control, and high-fidelity Rydberg-mediated entanglement. This emerging platform offers a wide range of new quantum science applications that leverage the unique properties of such atoms: ultra-narrow optical "clock" transitions and isolated nuclear spins. Specifically, these properties offer an optical qubit ("o") as well as ground ("g") and metastable ("m") nuclear spin qubits, all within a single atom. We consider experimentally realistic control of this "omg" architecture and its coupling to Rydberg states for entanglement generation, focusing specifically on ytterbium-171 ($^{171}\text{Yb}$) with nuclear spin $I = 1/2$. We analyze the $S$-series Rydberg states of $^{171}\text{Yb}$, described by the three spin-$1/2$ constituents (two electrons and the nucleus). We confirm that the $F = 3/2$ manifold -- a unique spin configuration -- is well suited for entangling nuclear spin qubits. Further, we analyze the $F = 1/2$ series -- described by two overlapping spin configurations -- using a multichannel quantum defect theory. We study the multilevel dynamics of the nuclear spin states when driving the clock or Rydberg transition with Rabi frequency $\Omega_\text{c} = 2 \pi \times 200$ kHz or $\Omega_\text{R} = 2 \pi \times 6$ MHz, respectively, finding that a modest magnetic field ($\approx200\,\text{G}$) and feasible laser polarization intensity purity ($\lesssim0.99$) are sufficient for gate fidelities exceeding 0.99.

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